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ICD-11 Prevalence Rates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a German Nationwide Sample

Maercker, Andreas, Hecker, Tobias, Augsburger, Mareike, Kliem, Sören·2018·Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease

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Abstract

Prevalence rates are still lacking for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) diagnoses based on the new ICD-11 criteria. In a nationwide representative German sample (N = 2524; 14–99 years), exposure to traumatic events and symptoms of PTSD or CPTSD were assessed with the International Trauma Questionnaire. A clinical variant of CPTSD with a lower threshold for core PTSD symptoms was also calculated, in addition to conditional prevalence rates dependent on trauma type and differential predictors. One-month prevalence rates were as follows: PTSD, 1.5%; CPTSD, 0.5%; and CPTSD variant, 0.7%. For PTSD, the highest conditional prevalence was associated with kidnapping or rape, and the highest CPTSD rates were associated with sexual childhood abuse or rape. PTSD and CPTSD were best differentiated by sexual violence. Combined PTSD and CPTSD (ICD-11) rates were in the range of previously reported prevalences for unified PTSD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition; ICD-10). Evidence on differential predictors of PTSD and CPTSD is still preliminary.

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Authors: Maercker, A., Hecker, T., Augsburger, M., & Kliem, S.
Affiliations: *Division of Psychopathology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; †Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld; ‡Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, Hannover; and §Department of Psychology, Technical University of Brunswick, Brunswick, Germany.
Bielefeld University (DE)
Corresponding author: Hecker, Tobias
Augsburger, Mareike
ORCID: Hecker, Tobias
Augsburger, Mareike
Kliem, Sören
Venue: Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2018-04
Volume: 206
Issue: 4
Pages: 270-276
ISSN: 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
1539-736X
DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000790
OpenAlex: W2787185241
Cited by: 163
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 4
FWCI: 15.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) (submittedVersion)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, complex PTSD, ICD-11, prevalence, trauma exposure, sexual violence, child sexual abuse, rape, kidnapping, International Trauma Questionnaire, predictors of PTSD, German population
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child Abuse, Sexual, Female, Germany, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rape, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Prevalence, International Classification of Diseases, Young Adult

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ICD-11 Prevalence Rates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a German Nationwide Sample

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