The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vagal Mediation of Low-Frequency Heart Rate Variability During Slow Yogic Breathing
Abstract
Objective Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) associated with breathing (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) are known to be parasympathetically (vagally) mediated when the breathing rate is within the typical frequency range (9-24 breaths per minute [bpm]; high-frequency HRV). Slow yogic breathing occurs at rates below this range and increases low-frequency HRV power, which may additionally reflect a significant sympathetic component. Yogic breathing techniques are hypothesized to confer health benefits by increasing cardiac vagal control, but increases in low-frequency HRV power cannot unambiguously distinguish sympathetic from parasympathetic contributions. The aim of this study was to investigate the autonomic origins of changes in low-frequency HRV power due to slow-paced breathing. Methods Six healthy young adults completed slow-paced breathing with a cadence derived from yogic breathing patterns. The paced breathing took place under conditions of sympathetic blockade, parasympathetic (vagal) blockade, and placebo. HRV spectral power was compared under 11 breathing rates during each session, in counterbalanced order with frequencies spanning the low-frequency range (4-9 bpm). Results HRV power across the low-frequency range (4-9 bpm) was nearly eliminated (p = .016) by parasympathetic blockade (mean (SD) spectral power at breathing frequency = 4.1 (2.1)) compared with placebo (69.5 (8.1)). In contrast, spectral power during sympathetic blockade 70.2 (9.1) and placebo (69.…
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Because breathing acts directly on the autonomic nervous system as a “bottom-up” approach to stress reduction [113,114,115,116,117,118], its benefits likely persist across diverse populations.”
From Breathing Practices for Stress and Anxiety Reduction: Conceptual Framework of Implementation Guidelines Based on a Systematic Review of the Published Literature (2023) · cites this paper as [115]
Citations
Cites
Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats
BERNTSON, G. G., THOMAS BIGGER, J., ECKBERG, D. L., GROSSMAN, P., KAUFMANN, P. G., MALIK, M., NAGARAJA, H. N., PORGES, S. W., SAUL, J. P., STONE, P. H., et al. (1997) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x · Cited by 3,962
Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain.
Malliani, A., Pagani, M., Lombardi, F., & Cerutti, S. (1991) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.84.2.482 · Cited by 3,569
Assessment of autonomic function in humans by heart rate spectral analysis
Pomeranz, B., Macaulay, R. J., Caudill, M. A., Kutz, I., Adam, D., Gordon, D., Kilborn, K. M., Barger, A. C., Shannon, D. C., Cohen, R. J., et al. (1985) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.1.h151 · Cited by 2,876
Laborde, S., Mosley, E., & Thayer, J. F. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213 · Cited by 2,336
Thayer, J. F., Yamamoto, S. S., & Brosschot, J. F. (2010) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.543 · Cited by 2,276
Shaffer, F., McCraty, R., & Zerr, C. L. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01040 · Cited by 1,866
Creswell, J. D. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-042716-051139 · Cited by 1,702
Mccraty, R., & Shaffer, F. (2015) · Global Advances in Health and Medicine · doi:10.7453/gahmj.2014.073 · Cited by 1,039
Reyes del Paso, G. A., Langewitz, W., Mulder, L. J. M., van Roon, A., & Duschek, S. (2013) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12027 · Cited by 954
Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System
McCorry, L. K. (2007) · American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education · doi:10.5688/aj710478 · Cited by 891
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 1995, Esmolol. A review of its therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics, Clin Pharmacokinet, 28, 190
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Laborde, S., Allen, M. S., Borges, U., Dosseville, F., Hosang, T. J., Iskra, M., Mosley, E., Salvotti, C., Spolverato, L., Zammit, N., et al. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104711 · Cited by 272
Quigley, K. S., Gianaros, P. J., Norman, G. J., Jennings, J. R., Berntson, G. G., & de Geus, E. J. C. (2024) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14604 · Cited by 281
Heart rate variability and slow-paced breathing:when coherence meets resonance
Sevoz-Couche, C., & Laborde, S. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104576 · Cited by 195
Heart rate variability (HRV): From brain death to resonance breathing at 6 breaths per minute
Schwerdtfeger, A. R., Schwarz, G., Pfurtscheller, K., Thayer, J. F., Jarczok, M. N., & Pfurtscheller, G. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.11.013 · Cited by 153
A Practical Guide to Resonance Frequency Assessment for Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback
Shaffer, F., & Meehan, Z. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.570400 · Cited by 133
Metadata
- Authors
- Kromenacker, B. W., Sanova, A. A., Marcus, F. I., Allen, J. J. B., & Lane, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kromenacker, Bryan W.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2018-07
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 581-587
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- 1534-7796
- OpenAlex
- W2804307513
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 6.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- heart rate variability, slow-paced breathing, pranayama, vagal blockade, sympathetic nerve block, cardiac vagal control, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, autonomic nervous system, respiratory rate
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Autonomic Nervous System, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve, Yoga, Muscarinic Antagonists, Young Adult, Respiratory Rate, Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
