HIV in transgender communities: syndemic dynamics and a need for multicomponent interventions

Operario, Don; Nemoto, Tooru

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181fbc9ec

Cited by 224HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsLGBTQ Health, Identity, and PolicyHIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

HIV in transgender communities: syndemic dynamics and a need for multicomponent interventions

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Operario, Don, Nemoto, Tooru·2010·JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

DOI 10.1097/qai.0b013e3181fbc9ecPMC PMC3075534

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Abstract

Transgender communities are among the groups at highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. Using syndemic theory, we examine how HIV risk in transgender communities is embedded in multiple co-occurring public health problems, including poor mental health, substance use, violence and victimization, discrimination, and economic hardship. Although safer sex counseling and testing programs are essential platforms for HIV intervention, these modalities alone may be insufficient in reducing new infections. Multicomponent interventions are necessary to respond to the complex interacting syndemic factors that cumulatively determine HIV vulnerability in transgender individuals.

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In HIV treatment and prevention, appeals to syndemic theory are almost universally used to justify calls for complex, integrated, or multi-component interventions that target all co-occurring epidemics together.
“In the field of HIV treatment and prevention, appeals to the theory of syndemics are near-universally used to justify calls for complex, integrated and/or multi-component interventions targeting all of the co-occurring epidemics in concert.11–13”
From Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
The “Not Just Testing and Condoms” section uses syndemic analysis to call for multicomponent HIV prevention interventions addressing interacting problems in transgender communities (page not provided). It does not establish that such appeals are near-universal across HIV treatment and prevention, or that interventions must target every co-occurring epidemic. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Researchers and programme implementers using syndemic theory rarely advocate single-component interventions; multi-component calls are the norm.
“Yet researchers and programme implementers drawing on the theory of syndemics rarely, if ever, advocate for single-component interventions; rather, calls for multi-component interventions are typically the norm.11–13”
From Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
In “Not Just Testing and Condoms: Need for Multicomponent Interventions,” the paper calls multicomponent interventions necessary for HIV prevention in transgender communities and says several recent papers have called for them. It does not establish that researchers and programme implementers using syndemic theory generally rarely advocate single-component interventions or that multicomponent calls are the norm across the field. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Self-citation

Syndemic Classes, Stigma, and Sexual Risk Among Transgender Women in India
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Syndemic violence victimization, alcohol and drug use, and HIV transmission risk behavior among transgender women in India: A cross-sectional, population-based studyPreprint
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Authors: Operario, D., & Nemoto, T.
Affiliations: Brown University (US)
Public Health Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Operario, Don
ORCID: Operario, Don
Nemoto, Tooru
Venue: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2010-12-15
Volume: 55
Issue: Supplement 2
Pages: S91-S93
ISSN: 1525-4135 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e3181fbc9ec
PMC: PMC3075534
OpenAlex: W2120675005
Cited by: 224
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 2.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA018621)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Keywords: HIV, transgender people, syndemic theory, HIV risk factors, mental health, substance use, discrimination, economic hardship, HIV testing, multicomponent intervention
MeSH terms: Mental Disorders, Discrimination, Psychological, Female, Humans, Male, Poverty, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Transsexualism, United States, Violence, HIV Infections, Substance-Related Disorders

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HIV in transgender communities: syndemic dynamics and a need for multicomponent interventions

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