The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
HIV in Transgender Communities: Syndemic Dynamics and a Need for Multicomponent Interventions
Open accessAbstract
Transgender communities are among the groups at highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. Using syndemic theory, we examine how HIV risk in transgender communities is embedded in multiple co-occurring public health problems, including poor mental health, substance use, violence and victimization, discrimination, and economic hardship. Although safer sex counseling and testing programs are essential platforms for HIV intervention, these modalities alone may be insufficient in reducing new infections. Multicomponent interventions are necessary to respond to the complex interacting syndemic factors that cumulatively determine HIV vulnerability in transgender individuals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In the field of HIV treatment and prevention, appeals to the theory of syndemics are near-universally used to justify calls for complex, integrated and/or multi-component interventions targeting all of the co-occurring epidemics in concert.11–13”
From Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Yet researchers and programme implementers drawing on the theory of syndemics rarely, if ever, advocate for single-component interventions; rather, calls for multi-component interventions are typically the norm.11–13”
From Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Syndemics and public health: Reconceptualizing disease in bio-social context
Singer, M., & Clair, S. (2003) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1525/maq.2003.17.4.423 · Cited by 1,140
Bauer, G. R., Hammond, R., Travers, R., Kaay, M., Hohenadel, K., & Boyce, M. (2009) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2009.07.004 · Cited by 1,048
for the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team, Herbst, J. H., Jacobs, E. D., Finlayson, T. J., McKleroy, V. S., Neumann, M. S., & Crepaz, N. (2008) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3 · Cited by 933
Clements-Nolle, K. D., Marx, R., Guzman, R., & Katz, M. H. (2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.6.915 · Cited by 776
Violence against transgender people: A review of United States data
Stotzer, R. L. (2009) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2009.01.006 · Cited by 701
Garofalo, R., Deleon, J., Osmer, E., Doll, M., & Harper, G. W. (2006) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.03.023 · Cited by 538
Mustanski, B., Garofalo, R., Herrick, A., & Donenberg, G. (2007) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf02879919 · Cited by 487
Sánchez, N. F., Sánchez, J. P., & Danoff, A. (2009) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.132035 · Cited by 434
Singer, M. C., Erickson, P. I., Badiane, L., Diaz, R., Ortiz, D., Abraham, T., & Nicolaysen, A. M. (2006) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.05.012 · Cited by 371
HIV Risk Behaviors Among Male-to-Female Transgender Persons of Color in San Francisco
Nemoto, T., Operario, D., Keatley, J. G., Han, L., & Soma, T. (2004) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.94.7.1193 · Cited by 303
Self-citationEnhancing transgender health care
Lombardi, E. L. (2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.6.869 · Cited by 302
Transgender HIV prevention: A qualitative needs assessment
Bockting, W. O., Robinson, B. E., & Rosser, B. R. S. (1998) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540129850124028 · Cited by 285
Interacting Epidemics and Gay Men's Health: A Theory of Syndemic Production among Urban Gay Men
Stall, R., Friedman, M., & Catania, J. A. (2007) · Unequal Opportunity · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195301533.003.0009 · Cited by 266
Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., Swendeman, D. T., & Chovnick, G. (2009) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153530 · Cited by 250
Social context of HIV risk behaviours among male-to-female transgenders of colour
Nemoto, T., Operario, D., Keatley, J. G., & Villegas, D. (2004) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540120413331269567 · Cited by 199
Self-citation(2007) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195301533.001.0001 · Cited by 191
HIV Infection Risk Factors Among Male-to-Female Transgender Persons: A Review of the Literature
Santis, J. P. D. (2009) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2009.06.005 · Cited by 167
‘It's really a hard life’: Love, gender and HIV risk among male‐to‐female transgender persons
Melendez, R. M., & Pinto, R. M. (2007) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691050601065909 · Cited by 163
Sevelius, J. (2009) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2009.06.001 · Cited by 150
Development, Risk, and Resilience of Transgender Youth
Stieglitz, K. A. (2010) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2009.08.004 · Cited by 140
Nuttbrock, L. A., Hwahng, S., Bockting, W. O., Rosenblum, A., Mason, M., Macri, M., & Becker, J. (2009) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181ab6ed8 · Cited by 138
The impact of New York City's 1975 fiscal crisis on the tuberculosis, HIV, and homicide syndemic
Freudenberg, N., Fahs, M., Galea, S., & Greenberg, A. (2006) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.063511 · Cited by 117
Kellogg, T. A., Clements-Nolle, K. D., Dilley, J., Katz, M. H., & McFarland, W. C. (2001) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/00126334-200112010-00012 · Cited by 102
Sexual self‐disclosure among university women
Herold, E. S., & Way, L. (1988) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224498809551394 · Cited by 81
Bith-Melander, P., Sheoran, B., Sheth, L., Bermudez, C., Drone, J., Wood, W., & Schroeder, K. (2010) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2010.01.008 · Cited by 78
Simon, P. A., Reback, C. J., & Bemis, C. (2000) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/00002030-200012220-00024 · Cited by 71
Transgender Identity Development as Represented by a Group of Female-to-Male Transgendered Adults
Morgan, S., & Stevens, P. E. (2008) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840802048782 · Cited by 69
Trans health crisis: for us it's life or death
Feinberg, L. W. (2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.6.897 · Cited by 67
Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk-Taking in the Transgender Community
Kosenko, K. A. (2010) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224491003721686 · Cited by 65
“Bundling” HIV prevention: Integrating services to promote synergistic gain
Ickovics, J. R. (2007) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.09.006 · Cited by 61
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Global health burden and needs of transgender populations: a review
Reisner, S. L., Poteat, T., Keatley, J. G., Cabral, M., Mothopeng, T., Dunham, E., Holland, C. E., Max, R. J., & Baral, S. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)00684-x · Cited by 1,570
Becasen, J. S., Denard, C. L., Mullins, M. M., Higa, D. H., & Sipe, T. A. (2019) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2018.304727 · Cited by 590
Reisner, S. L., Greytak, E. A., Parsons, J. T., & Ybarra, M. L. (2015) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2014.886321 · Cited by 513
Global Epidemiology of HIV Infection and Related Syndemics Affecting Transgender People
Poteat, T., Scheim, A. I., Xavier, J. M., Reisner, S. L., & Baral, S. (2016) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000001087 · Cited by 400
Transgender health care: improving medical students' and residents' training and awareness
Dubin, S. N., Nolan, I. T., Streed, C. G., Greene, R. E., Radix, A., & Morrison, S. D. (2018) · Advances in Medical Education and Practice · doi:10.2147/amep.s147183 · Cited by 406
Metadata
- Authors
- Operario, D., & Nemoto, T.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Public Health Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Operario, Don
- Venue
- JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
- Published
- 2010-12-15
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- Supplement 2
- Pages
- S91-S93
- ISSN
- 1525-4135 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3075534
- OpenAlex
- W2120675005
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA018621)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Keywords
- HIV, transgender people, syndemic theory, HIV risk factors, mental health, substance use, discrimination, economic hardship, HIV testing, multicomponent intervention
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Discrimination, Psychological, Female, Humans, Male, Poverty, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Transsexualism, United States, Violence, HIV Infections, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review