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Virtual Simulation in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review Spanning 1996 to 2018
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STATEMENT: As virtual simulation is burgeoning, faculty and administrators are asking for evidence of its effectiveness. The objective of this systematic review was to identify how virtual simulation impacts nursing student learning outcomes. Applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, 80 studies were reviewed. Results indicate that most research (n = 69, 86%) supported virtual simulation as an effective pedagogy to support learning outcomes while highlighting gaps and areas of bias. Adding search terms could have expanded the findings. The body of evidence supports virtual simulation as an effective pedagogy. Future studies should use more robust research designs, prioritize curricular integration of virtual simulation, and determine best practices in virtual simulation methodology.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Foronda, C. L., Fernandez-Burgos, M., Nadeau, C., Kelley, C. N., & Henry, M. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- Venue
- Simulation in Healthcare The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare
- Published
- 2020-02
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 46-54
- ISSN
- 1559-2332 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-713X
- OpenAlex
- W3004636243
- Cited by
- 505
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 88 · 2025: 95 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 13
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Simulation in Healthcare The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Surgical Simulation and Training
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
- Keywords
- virtual simulation, nursing education, nursing students, learning outcomes, evidence of effectiveness, curriculum integration, simulation methods
- MeSH terms
- Simulation Training, Virtual Reality, Clinical Competence, Education, Nursing, Humans, Learning, Self Concept, Knowledge
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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