The mechanics of active fin-shape control in ray-finned fishes
Open accessAbstract
We study the mechanical properties of fin rays, which are a fundamental component of fish fin structure. We derive a linear elasticity model that predicts the shape of fin rays, given the input muscle actuation and external loading. We then test the model using experiments that measure (i) the ray deflection for a given actuation at the muscular interface, and (ii) the force–displacement response under conditions of actuation and non-actuation. The model agrees well with the experiment; both show a concentration of curvature at the ray base or at the point of an externally applied force, and a variation in ray stiffness over more than an order of magnitude depending on actuation at the bases of the fin rays.
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This functional relation between dermal rays and the endoskeleton is distinct from that of teleost paired fins, where distal radials act as pivot points on which hemitrichia flex and extend to precisely modulate the stiffness, curvature, and area of the fin web.
“This functional relation between dermal rays and the endoskeleton is distinct from that of teleost paired fins, where distal radials act as pivot points on which hemitrichia flex and extend to precisely modulate the stiffness, curvature, and area of the fin web (58, 59).”
From Fin ray patterns at the fin-to-limb transition (2020) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Alben, S., Madden, P. G., & Lauder, G. V.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Alben, Silas
- Venue
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2006-11-28
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 243-256
- ISSN
- 1742-5662 (ISSN-L)
- 1742-5689
- PMC
- PMC2359861
- OpenAlex
- W2136233577
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 12.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Soft Robotics and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Keywords
- fin rays, Actinopterygii, muscle actuation, curvature distribution, force-displacement response, fish locomotion
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Elasticity, Extremities, Models, Biological, Perciformes, Tendons, Muscle, Skeletal
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