Healable thermoset polymer composite embedded with stimuli-responsive fibres
Open accessAbstract
Severe wounds in biological systems such as human skin cannot heal themselves, unless they are first stitched together. Healing of macroscopic damage in thermoset polymer composites faces a similar challenge. Stimuli-responsive shape-changing polymeric fibres with outstanding mechanical properties embedded in polymers may be able to close macro-cracks automatically upon stimulation such as heating. Here, a stimuli-responsive fibre (SRF) with outstanding mechanical properties and supercontraction capability was fabricated for the purpose of healing macroscopic damage. The SRFs and thermoplastic particles (TPs) were incorporated into regular thermosetting epoxy for repeatedly healing macroscopic damages. The system works by mimicking self-healing of biological systems such as human skin, close (stitch) then heal, i.e. close the macroscopic crack through the thermal-induced supercontraction of the SRFs, and bond the closed crack through melting and diffusing of TPs at the crack interface. The healing efficiency determined using tapered double-cantilever beam specimens was 94 per cent. The self-healing process was reasonably repeatable.
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The self-healing process of the SMP fiber/thermoplastic particle/epoxy composites system was reasonably repeatable.
“The self-healing process was reasonably repeatable [185,530].”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
A biomimetic self-healing system using SMP fibers as grid skeleton and thermoplastic particles as healing agent was proposed to heal conventional thermoset polymers without SME.
“Li et al. [185,530,531] proposed a new biomimetic self-healing system which includes using SMP fibers as grid skeleton and thermoplastic particles as the healing agent.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
In the SMP fiber/thermoplastic particle healing system, upon heating, constrained shape recovery of pre-stretched SMP fibers closes macrocracks in the polymer matrix and bonds the closed crack through melting and diffusing of thermoplastic particles at the crack interface.
“Upon heating, constrained shape recovery (shrinkage) of the pre-stretched SMP fibers closes macrocracks in the polymer matrix which is similar to stitching a cut in the human skin by suture; and bond the closed crack through melting and diffusing of thermoplastic particles at the crack interface.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
The self-healing process of the SMP fiber/thermoplastic particle/epoxy composite system was reasonably repeatable.
“The self-healing process was reasonably repeatable [185,530].”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
In the second step of self-healing, at the bonding temperature, the thermoplastic particles melt and diffuse into the cracked matrix and bridge the crack plane.
“In the second-step, at the bonding temperature (T 2 ), the thermoplastic particles melt and diffuse into the cracked matrix and bridge the crack plane.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
In the first step of self-healing, heating the composite to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the SMP fibers triggers the shape recovery of the fiber to close the macrocrack (about 3 mm in width).
“In the first-step, heating the composite to a temperature (T 1 ) above the glass transition temperature of the SMP fibers triggers the shape recovery of the fiber to close the macrocrack (about 3 mm in width).”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
The molten thermoplastic particles flow into the narrowed crack by capillary force, diffuse into the fractured epoxy matrix, and form solid wedge when the sample is cooled down.
“In the second-step, the molten thermoplastic particles flow into the narrowed crack by capillary force, diffuse into the fractured epoxy matrix, and form solid wedge when the sample is cooled down.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [185]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Li, G., Meng, H., & Hu, J.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Guoqiang
- Venue
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2012-08-15
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 77
- Pages
- 3279-3287
- ISSN
- 1742-5662 (ISSN-L)
- 1742-5689
- PMC
- PMC3481567
- OpenAlex
- W2134535717
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 9.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Keywords
- self-healing materials, thermoset composites, supercontraction, epoxy resin, crack closure, thermal healing, double cantilever beam, healing efficiency
- MeSH terms
- Materials Testing, Polymers, Polyurethanes, Temperature, Tensile Strength, Silk
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