The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Running in the real world: adjusting leg stiffness for different surfaces
Open accessAbstract
A running animal coordinates the actions of many muscles, tendons, and ligaments in its leg so that the overall leg behaves like a single mechanical spring during ground contact. Experimental observations have revealed that an animal's leg stiffness is independent of both speed and gravity level, suggesting that it is dictated by inherent musculoskeletal properties. However, if leg stiffness was invariant, the biomechanics of running (e.g. peak ground reaction force and ground contact time) would change when an animal encountered different surfaces in the natural world. We found that human runners adjust their leg stiffness to accommodate changes in surface stiffness, allowing them to maintain similar running mechanics on different surfaces. These results provide important insight into mechanics and control of animal locomotion and suggest that incorporating an adjustable leg stiffness in the design of hopping and running robots is important if they are to match the agility and speed of animals on varied terrain.
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Cites
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The spring-mass model for running and hopping
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Ground reaction forces in distance running
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The mechanics of running: How does stiffness couple with speed?
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Improvement in linearity and regulation of stiffness that results from actions of stretch reflex
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Scaling Body Support in Mammals: Limb Posture and Muscle Mechanics
Biewener, A. A. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2740914 · Cited by 869
The spring in the arch of the human foot
Ker, R. F., Bennett, M. B., Bibby, S. R., Kester, R. C., & Alexander, R. M. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/325147a0 · Cited by 764
Leg stiffness and stride frequency in human running
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Self-citationGround reaction forces at different speeds of human walking and running
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Cited by
How animals move: an integrative view
Dickinson, M. H., Farley, C. T., Full, R. J., Koehl, M. A. R., Kram, R., & Lehman, S. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.288.5463.100 · Cited by 1,633
Self-citationCurrent principles of motor control, with special reference to vertebrate locomotion
Grillner, S., & El Manira, A. (2020) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00015.2019 · Cited by 560
Biomechanics and energetics of walking on uneven terrain
Voloshina, A. S., Kuo, A. D., Daley, M. A., & Ferris, D. P. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.081711 · Cited by 177
Self-citationAdaptations of walking pattern on a compliant surface to regulate dynamic stability
MacLellan, M. J., & Patla, A. E. (2006) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0399-5 · Cited by 165
Exploring dynamic similarity in human running using simulated reduced gravity
Donelan, J. M., & Kram, R. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.203.16.2405 · Cited by 74
Metadata
- Authors
- Ferris, D. P., Louie, M., & Farley, C. T.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 1998-06-07
- Volume
- 265
- Issue
- 1400
- Pages
- 989-994
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- OpenAlex
- W2120085742
- Cited by
- 594
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 4.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Ferris, D. P., Louie, M., & Farley, C. T. (1998). Running in the real world: adjusting leg stiffness for different surfaces. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0388
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
