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Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium
Open accessAbstract
The diversity of mucin-degrading bacteria in the human intestine was investigated by combining culture and 16S rRNA-dependent approaches. A dominant bacterium, strain Muc T , was isolated by dilution to extinction of faeces in anaerobic medium containing gastric mucin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. A pure culture was obtained using the anaerobic soft agar technique. Strain Muc T was a Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, oval-shaped bacterium that could grow singly and in pairs. When grown on mucin medium, cells produced a capsule and were found to aggregate. Strain Muc T could grow on a limited number of sugars, including N -acetylglucosamine, N -acetylgalactosamine and glucose, but only when a protein source was provided and with a lower growth rate and final density than on mucin. The G+C content of DNA from strain Muc T was 47·6 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate was part of the division Verrucomicrobia . The closest described relative of strain Muc T was Verrucomicrobium spinosum (92 % sequence similarity). Remarkably, the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Muc T showed 99 % similarity to three uncultured colonic bacteria. According to the data obtained in this work, strain Muc T represents a novel bacterium belonging to a new genus in subdivision 1 of the Verrucomicrobia ; the name Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is Muc T (=ATCC BAA-835 T =CIP 107961 T ).
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Metadata
- Authors
- Derrien, M., Vaughan, E. E., Plugge, C. M., & de Vos, W. M.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Hesselink van Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Venue
- International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
- Publisher
- Microbiology Society
- Published
- 2004-09-01
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1469-1476
- ISSN
- 1466-5026 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-5034
- OpenAlex
- W2134241692
- Cited by
- 2,094
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 157 · 2025: 190 · 2024: 212 · 2023: 200 · 2022: 230 · 2021: 197 · 2020: 180 · 2019: 160 · 2018: 110 · 2017: 96 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 2.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.wur.nl
- Locations
- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Keywords
- Akkermansia muciniphila, novel bacterial genus
- MeSH terms
- Acetylgalactosamine, Acetylglucosamine, Base Composition, Carbon, Culture Media, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, Ribosomal, Feces, Gastric Mucins, Glucose, Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria, Humans, Intestines, Molecular Sequence Data, Movement, Nitrogen, Phylogeny, RNA, Bacterial, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Spores, Bacterial, Bacterial Capsules, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Genes, rRNA
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