Identification of a calicivirus isolate of unknown origin
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells manifesting striking cytopathogenic changes in culture were investigated to determine the causative agent. Electron microscopic analyses revealed viral particles of about 40 nm in diameter, displaying typical calicivirus morphology. To date, this virus, designated isolate 2117, exclusively replicates in CHO cells, achieving only moderate titres. After cloning, the coding region of 7928 nucleotides, the 3′ non-coding region and the poly(A) tail were sequenced. The genome consists of three open reading frames (ORFs), with the first and second ORF having the same reading frame. The overall genomic organization as well as the nucleotide sequence of isolate 2117 is most similar to that of a recently described canine calicivirus, but also shows significant similarity to the sequences of mink calicivirus and other caliciviruses within the genus Vesivirus. In Western blots, using antibodies against the viral protease, a stable, unprocessed 3CD protein of 68 kDa was identified in homogenates of 2117-infected CHO cells. Furthermore, antibodies raised against ORF 3 reacted with the respective protein in 2117-virions, demonstrating that this predicted 9 kDa protein is a minor structural component of the virion. In addition, an RT-PCR assay was established to detect 2117 viral RNA in biological products such as foetal bovine serum, which will aid the discovery of the origin and host of the virus.
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Vesivirus 2117 is a member of the Caliciviridae.
“Vesivirus 2117 is a member of the Caliciviridae, a family of small icosahedral viruses encoding a positive-sense RNA genome.”
From Vesivirus 2117 capsids more closely resemble sapovirus and lagovirus particles than other known vesivirus structures (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
Vesivirus 2117 is an adventitious agent that was identified as a contaminant of Chinese hamster ovary cells propagated in bioreactors at a Genzyme pharmaceutical manufacturing plant.
“Vesivirus 2117 is an adventitious agent that, in 2009, was identified as a contaminant of Chinese hamster ovary cells propagated in bioreactors at a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant belonging to Genzyme.”
From Vesivirus 2117 capsids more closely resemble sapovirus and lagovirus particles than other known vesivirus structures (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
The capsid protein being encoded within the first ORF along with non-structural proteins is typical of sapoviruses and lagoviruses.
“However, the capsid protein is encoded within the first ORF along with the viral non-structural proteins, typical of the sapoviruses and lagoviruses [16].”
From Vesivirus 2117 capsids more closely resemble sapovirus and lagovirus particles than other known vesivirus structures (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
The capsid protein of vesivirus 2117 is encoded within the first ORF along with the viral non-structural proteins.
“However, the capsid protein is encoded within the first ORF along with the viral non-structural proteins, typical of the sapoviruses and lagoviruses [16].”
From Vesivirus 2117 capsids more closely resemble sapovirus and lagovirus particles than other known vesivirus structures (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
A clearly visible CPE on CHO cells had previously been described for Vesivirus 2117.
“For Vesivirus 2117, a member of the Caliciviridae and the virus that was implicated in the most recent widely visible cell culture contamination (Genzyme, 2009), a clearly visible CPE on CHO cells had previously been described (Oehmig, et al., 2003) and the virus is therefore detectable during manufacture and AAT.”
From Virus susceptibility of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and detection of viral contaminations by adventitious agent testing (2010) · cites this paper as Oehmig, et al., 2003
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Viral contamination in biologic manufacture and implications for emerging therapies
Barone, P. W., Wiebe, M. E., Leung, J. C., Hussein, I. T. M., Keumurian, F. J., Bouressa, J., Brussel, A., Chen, D., Chong, M., Dehghani, H., et al. (2020) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0507-2 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Berting, A., Farcet, M. R., & Kreil, T. R. (2010) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.22723 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“…et al. (2008), Puig-Basagoiti et al. (2007) Tick borne encephalitis virus — Goto et al. (2003) St. Louis encephalitis virus — McLean et al. (1978) Caliciviridae Vesivirus 2117 Oehmig et al. (2003), Genzyme (2009) — Picornaviridae Encephalomyocarditis virus Potts (2008) Jia et al.…”
BackgroundQiu, Y., Jones, N., Busch, M., Pan, P., Keegan, J., Zhou, W., Plavsic, M., Hayes, M., McPherson, J. M., Edmunds, T., et al. (2013) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.24791 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Conley, M., Emmott, E., Orton, R., Taylor, D., Carneiro, D. G., Murata, K., Goodfellow, I. G., Hansman, G. S., & Bhella, D. (2017) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000658 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Plavsic, M., Shick, K., Bergmann, K. F., & Mallet, L. (2016) · Biologicals · doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.08.001 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Oehmig, A., Büttner, M., Weiland, F., Werz, W., Bergemann, K., & Pfaff, E.
- Affiliations
- Federal Research Center for Virus Diseases of Animals, PO Box 1149, 72001 Tübingen, Germany
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany) (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of General Virology
- Publisher
- Microbiology Society
- Published
- 2003-10-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2837-2845
- ISSN
- 0022-1317 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-2099
- OpenAlex
- W2120413066
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of General Virology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OpenAgrar (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
- Keywords
- calicivirus, Vesivirus, CHO cells, cytopathogenicity, viral genome sequence, open reading frames, ORF3 protein, viral RNA detection, RT-PCR
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Caliciviridae, Cattle, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Cricetinae, Microscopy, Electron, Molecular Sequence Data, Endopeptidases, RNA, Viral, Virion, Virus Replication, CHO Cells, Genome, Viral, Sequence Analysis, DNA
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