PreprintCited by 7Photoreceptor and optogenetics researchReceptor Mechanisms and SignalingPhotochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry

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CryoRhodopsins: a comprehensive characterization of a group of microbial rhodopsins from cold environments

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Preprint — published as 10.1126/sciadv.adv1015 · Paper page

Abstract

Microbial rhodopsins are omnipresent on Earth, however the vast majority of them remain uncharacterized. Here we describe a new rhodopsin group from cold-adapted organisms and cold environments, such as glaciers, denoted as CryoRhodopsins (CryoRs). Our data suggest that CryoRs have dual functionality switching between inward transmembrane proton translocation and photosensory activity, both of which can be modulated with UV light. CryoR1 exhibits two subpopulations in the ground state, which upon light activation lead to transient photocurrents of opposing polarities. A distinguishing feature of the group is the presence of a buried arginine residue close to the cytoplasmic face of its members. Combining single-particle cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography with the rhodopsin activation by light, we demonstrate that the arginine stabilizes a UV-absorbing intermediate of an extremely slow CryoRhodopsin photocycle. Together with extensive spectroscopic characterization, our investigations on CryoR1 and CryoR2 proteins reveal mechanisms of photoswitching in the newly identified group and demonstrate principles of the adaptation of these rhodopsins to low temperatures.

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Metadata

Authors
Lamm, G. H. U., Marin, E., Alekseev, A., Schellbach, A. V., Stetsenko, A., Bourenkov, G., Borshchevskiy, V., Asido, M., Agthe, M., Engilberge, S., Rose, S. L., Caramello, N., Royant, A., Schneider, T. R., Bateman, A., Mager, T., Moser, T., Wachtveitl, J., Guskov, A., & Kovalev, K.
Affiliations
  • Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
  • University of Groningen (NL)
  • Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
  • Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Universität Hamburg (DE)
  • European Bioinformatics Institute (GB)
  • German Primate Center (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Lamm, G.H.U.
  • Marin, E.
  • Alekseev, A.
  • Wachtveitl, J.
  • Guskov, A.
  • Kovalev, K.
Venue
Science Advances
Publisher
openRxiv
Published
2024-01-17
Volume
11
Issue
27
Pages
eadv1015-eadv1015
ISSN
2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4412021670
Cited by
7
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3
FWCI
2.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Science Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • Desy publication database (The Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DESY Publication Database (PUBDB) (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron)
Funders
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EXC 2067, CRC1507, EXC 2067‐1, 390729940, EXC 2067/1390729940)
  • Agence Nationale de la Recherche (UAR 3518 CNRS-CEA-UGA-EMBL, ANR-17-EURE-0003, ANR-17-EURE-, ANR-17, ANR-10, ANR-10-INBS-0005)
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (184.034.014, OCENW.KLEIN.141)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UAR 3518 CNRS-CEA-UGA-EMBL)
  • French Infrastructure for Integrated Structural Biology (ANR-17-EURE-0003, ANR-10-INBS-0005, ANR-10-INBS-000502)
  • HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (847543)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
Keywords
microbial rhodopsins, cold-adapted microorganisms, glaciers, photocycle, photoswitching, proton translocation, light-driven proton pump
MeSH terms
Arginine, Cold Temperature, Models, Molecular, Ultraviolet Rays, Crystallography, X-Ray, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Rhodopsins, Microbial

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