PreprintCited by 89Circadian rhythm and melatoninNeurobiology and Insect Physiology ResearchPhysiological and biochemical adaptations

Coordination between Differentially Regulated Circadian Clocks Generates Rhythmic Behavior

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Top, Deniz, Young, Michael W.·2018·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Abstract

, the "circadian clock" is housed in seven neuronal clusters, which are defined by their expression of the main circadian proteins, Period, Timeless, Clock, and Cycle. These clusters are distributed across the fly brain and are thereby subject to the respective environments associated with their anatomical locations. While these core components are universally expressed in all neurons of the circadian network, additional regulatory proteins that act on these components are differentially expressed, giving rise to "local clocks" within the network that nonetheless converge to regulate coherent behavioral rhythms. In this review, we describe the communication between the neurons of the circadian network and the molecular differences within neurons of this network. We focus on differences in protein-expression patterns and discuss how such variation can impart functional differences in each local clock. Finally, we summarize our current understanding of how communication within the circadian network intersects with intracellular biochemical mechanisms to ultimately specify behavioral rhythms. We propose that additional efforts are required to identify regulatory mechanisms within each neuronal cluster to understand the molecular basis of circadian behavior.

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  • The human brain has a master 'Body Clock' which resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and it determines our daily rhythms.

    “The human brain has a master ‘Body Clock’ which resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and it determines our daily rhythms, a phenomenon also widely described in nature in almost all living organisms 1, 2.”

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Authors
Top, D., & Young, M. W.
Affiliations
Rockefeller University (US)
Venue
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Published
2017-09-11
Volume
10
Issue
7
Pages
a033589
ISSN
1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2754810736
Cited by
89
References
188
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 24
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R37GM054339)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R37NS053087)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Physiological and biochemical adaptations
Keywords
circadian clock, Drosophila, local clocks, neuronal clusters, period, TIMELESS, clocks, cycles, protein expression patterns, neural communication, behavioral rhythms, circadian activity
MeSH terms
Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Motor Activity, Nerve Net, Neurons, Circadian Clocks

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