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PreprintCited by 4,216Cell death mechanisms and regulationPI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancerNerve injury and regeneration

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 229 of the 233 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cellular survival: a play in three Akts

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Datta, S. R., Brunet, A., Greenberg, M. E.·1999·Genes & Development
DOI 10.1101/gad.13.22.2905
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Abstract

The programmed cell death that occurs as part of normal mammalian development was first observed nearly a century ago (Collin 1906). It has since been established that approximately half of all neurons in the neuroaxis and >99.9% of the total number of cells generated during the course of a human lifetime go on to die through a process of apoptosis (for review, see Datta and Greenberg 1998; Vaux and Korsmeyer 1999). The induction of developmental cell death is a highly regulated process and can be suppressed by a variety of extracellular stimuli. The purification in the 1950s of the nerve growth factor (NGF), which promotes the survival of sympathetic neurons, set the stage for the discovery that peptide trophic factors promote the survival of a wide variety of cell types in vitro and in vivo (Levi-Montalcini 1987). The profound biological consequences of growth factor (GF) suppression of apoptosis are exemplified by the critical role of target-derived neurotrophins in the survival of neurons and the maintenance of functional neuronal circuits. (Pettmann and Henderson 1998). Recently, the ability of trophic factors to promote survival have been attributed, at least in part, to the phosphatidylinositide 38-OH kinase (PI3K)/c-Akt kinase cascade. Several targets of the PI3K/c-Akt signaling pathway have been recently identified that may underlie the ability of this regulatory cascade to promote survival. These substrates include two components of the intrinsic cell death machinery, BAD and caspase 9, transcription factors of the forkhead family, and a kinase, IKK, that regulates the NF-kB transcription factor. This article reviews the mechanisms by which survival factors regulate the PI3K/c-Akt cascade, the evidence that activation of the PI3K/c-Akt pathway promotes cell survival, and the current spectrum of c-Akt targets and their roles in mediating c-Akt-dependent cell survival.

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  1. Bonni, A., A. Brunet, A.E. West, S.R. Datta, and M.E. Greenberg. 1999. The ras-MAPK signaling pathway promotes cell sur- vival via a dual transcription-dependent and transcription- independent mechanism. Science (in press).
  2. Cheng, J.Q., B. Ruggeri, W.M. Klein, G. Sonoda, D.A. Altomare, D.K. Watson, and J.R. Testa. 1996. Amplification of AKT2 in human pancreatic cancer cells and inhibition of AKT2 ex- pression and tunorigeneicity by antisense RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 3636-3641.
  3. Kitamura, T., W. Ogawa, H. Sakaue, Y. Hino, S. Kuroda, M. Takata, M. Matsumoto, T. Maeda, H. Konishi, U. Kikkawa et al. 1998a. Requirement for activation of the serine-threo- nine kinase Akt (PKB) in insulin stimulation of protein syn- thesis but not of glucose transport. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 3708- 3717.
  4. Staal, S.P. 1987. Molecular cloning of the akt oncogene and its human homologs Akt1 and Akt2: Amplification of Akt1 in a primary human gastric adenocarcinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 84: 5034-5037.

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Metadata

Authors
Datta, S. R., Brunet, A., & Greenberg, M. E.
Affiliations
Boston Children's Hospital (US)
ORCID
Venue
Genes & Development
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Published
1999-11-15
Volume
13
Issue
22
Pages
2905-2927
ISSN
0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1101/gad.13.22.2905
OpenAlex
W2147114673
Cited by
4,216
References
233
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 81 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 90 · 2015: 140 · 2014: 136 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 150
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genes & Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Bentham-Moxon Trust
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
Keywords
cell survival, apoptosis, PI3K/Akt signaling, neurotrophins, trophic factors, developmental cell death, Bad, caspase-9, forkhead transcription factor, IκB kinase, NF-kB, neuronal survival, growth factor signaling
MeSH terms
Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cell Survival, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Humans, Phosphatidylinositols, Phosphorylation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Substrate Specificity, Transcription Factors, Signal Transduction, NF-kappa B, Sequence Alignment, Apoptosis, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Protein Isoforms, Caspases, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, bcl-Associated Death Protein, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Mice, Rats, I-kappa B Kinase, Caspase 9

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