Cell Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
Open accessAbstract
Recent structural studies of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have revealed unexpected diversity in the mechanisms of their activation by growth factor ligands. Strategies for inducing dimerization by ligand binding are surprisingly diverse, as are mechanisms that couple this event to activation of the intracellular tyrosine kinase domains. As our understanding of these details becomes increasingly sophisticated, it provides an important context for therapeutically countering the effects of pathogenic RTK mutations in cancer and other diseases. Much remains to be learned, however, about the complex signaling networks downstream from RTKs and how alterations in these networks are translated into cellular responses.
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HB-EGF is an EGFR ligand, and EGFR often connects extracellular signals to gene expression changes through MAPK signaling.
“HB-EGF is a ligand for the EGFR, which often links extracellular signals with changes in gene expression via a MAPK signaling pathway”
From HB-EGF is Necessary and Sufficient for Müller Glia Dedifferentiation and Retina Regeneration (2012) · cites this paper as Lemmon and Schlessinger, 2010
The receptor tyrosine kinases TrkA, FGFR2, PDGFR, EGFR, IR, IGF1R and TIE2 are key regulators of cellular processes and are involved in the development and progression of many types of cancer.
“The receptor tyrosine kinases TrkA, FGFR2, PDGFR, EGFR, IR, IGF1R and TIE2 are key regulators of cellular processes and are involved in the development and progression of many types of cancer28.”
From Design of protein-binding proteins from the target structure alone (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
TGF-β also activates non-Smad pathways including PI3K-Akt-mTOR, Erk MAPK, p38 MAPK, and Rho GTPases, but these are not diagnostic of TGF-β signaling because RTKs strongly activate them.
“While Smad signaling uniquely defines “canonical” signaling for TGF-β family proteins, TGF-β also activates non-Smad signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, Erk MAPK and p38 MAPK signaling, and Rho GTPases65,89 (Figure 2D). These pathways, however, are not diagnostic of TGF-β signaling, since they are strongly activated by receptor tyrosine kinases90.”
From TGFβ biology in cancer progression and immunotherapy (2021) · cites this paper as [90]
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- Authors
- Lemmon, M. A., & Schlessinger, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lemmon, Mark A.
- Schlessinger, Joseph
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1117-1134
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2914105
- OpenAlex
- W2028415754
- Cited by
- 7,929
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 253 · 2025: 286 · 2024: 367 · 2023: 385 · 2022: 404 · 2021: 492 · 2020: 408 · 2019: 430 · 2018: 370 · 2017: 381 · 2016: 385 · 2015: 409 · 2014: 394 · 2013: 368 · 2012: 368
- FWCI
- 45.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA079992, R01CA096768, R01CA125432)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR051448, P50AR054086, R01AR051886)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › HER2/EGFR in Cancer Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- receptor tyrosine kinase, ligand-induced dimerization, growth factor signaling, cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Neoplasms, Signal Transduction, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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