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Ending the message: poly(A) signals then and now

Open access
Proudfoot, Nick J.·2011·Genes & Development

Abstract

Polyadenylation [poly(A)] signals (PAS) are a defining feature of eukaryotic protein-coding genes. The central sequence motif AAUAAA was identified in the mid-1970s and subsequently shown to require flanking, auxiliary elements for both 3′-end cleavage and polyadenylation of premessenger RNA (pre-mRNA) as well as to promote downstream transcriptional termination. More recent genomic analysis has established the generality of the PAS for eukaryotic mRNA. Evidence for the mechanism of mRNA 3′-end formation is outlined, as is the way this RNA processing reaction communicates with RNA polymerase II to terminate transcription. The widespread phenomenon of alternative poly(A) site usage and how this interrelates with pre-mRNA splicing is then reviewed. This shows that gene expression can be drastically affected by how the message is ended. A central theme of this review is that while genomic analysis provides generality for the importance of PAS selection, detailed mechanistic understanding still requires the direct analysis of specific genes by genetic and biochemical approaches.

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Metadata

Authors
Proudfoot, N. J.
Venue
Genes & Development
Published
2011-09-01
Volume
25
Issue
17
Pages
1770-1782
ISSN
  • 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-5477
OpenAlex
W2105879579
Cited by
610
References
7
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ending the message: poly(A) signals then and now. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1101/gad.17268411
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Proudfoot, N. J. (2011). Ending the message: poly(A) signals then and now. Genes & Development. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.17268411

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