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Nonperturbative decay of an atomic system in a cavity
Abstract
Atoms can nowadays be placed in increasingly exotic environments such as microscopic cavities and materials with photonic band gaps. High-Q cavities can now easily result in a strong coupling between an atom and its environment where perturbation theory should no longer be appropriate. The purpose of this paper is to describe the dynamics of a multilevel V-type atomic system (including the case of a two-level system) which interacts with a reservoir modeled by a generalized density of states. A theoretical construct, the pseudomode, is utilized to develop general methods for solution. Without using perturbation theory the equivalent master equation is developed and the relationship between the master equation, the pseudomodes, and the generalized density of states function is explored with examples. Utilizing a straightforward definition of the pseudomode, it is found that many functions for the density of states lead to problematic non-Lindblad master equations. Several examples are given, and it is shown how to convert the non-Lindblad master equations into a Lindblad form in these cases. The examples include a non-Lorentzian resonance and a simple model of a photonic band gap.
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“Furthermore, it is well-known that non-Markovian dynamics better preserve quantum information, as non-Markovianity induces a backflow of quantum information from the reservoir to the central spin [106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116].”
From Quantum Models of Consciousness from a Quantum Information Science Perspective (2025) · cites this paper as [108]
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“The state |0〉r = Nj=1 |0 j 〉r denotes the vacuum state of the reservoir, and the state |1〉r = ∏N k=1,k = j |0k〉r |1 j 〉r indicates a state of the reservoir where all of the modes are in a vacuum state apart from mode j which is in the first excited state [55].”
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“One of the common spectra for color noise is a Lorentzian spectrum, which is widely applied in atom-cavity systems [46–49], photonic crystals [21, 48], etc.”
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Input-output hierarchical equations of motion
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Decoherence control for high-temperature reservoirs
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“However, in some cases such as quantum Brownian motion(QBM) [23] and a two-level atom interacting with a thermal reservoir with Lorentzian spectral density[24], an exactly analytic description of the open quantum system dynamic E-mail: zrxi@iss.”
BackgroundCoherence in a dissipative two-level system
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“Let us stress that in contrast to [18] and [14] the lower limit of integral here is 0 rather than −∞.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialQuantum speedup dynamics process without non-Markovianity
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Self-citationOn Reduced Time Evolution for Initially Correlated Pure States
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“Since the denominator is a cubic polynomial with real coefficients ( s → s − iω ), In closing this section, we would like to highlight that other equivalent approaches could be used to simulate the present model [43–45].”
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“These equations are identical to those of a QE coupled to a single cavity mode with decay rate κ ( d ) and effective coupling strength g ( d ) with In this view, the localized surface plasmon mode acts as an effective cavity mode or a single pseudomode [31], [46], [47], [48], [49].”
InfluentialProtecting coherence by reservoir engineering: intense bath disturbance
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“[23] which has been widely used in quantum optics [27], it was proved and applied only in the RWA.”
MethodQuantum evolution speed in a double-layer environment
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“Adding relaxation to the JCM model, either phenomenologically[37–40] or by including explicit reservoirs[41–45], transforms the JCM into a dissipative open system modified by the environment properties, such as the environment’s spectral density and temperature.”
MethodTime-convolutionless master equation applied to adiabatic elimination
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“A sensible choice which fulfills these requirements is where is the fidelity between the Choi matrix at time t and its ergodic average, Υ ∞ := lim T →∞ where the second equality is valid for relaxing dynamics.”
Dann, R. (2025) · Quantum · doi:10.22331/q-2025-05-12-1740 · Cited by 3
“Such an exact mapping is possible under the following conditions [63, 168]: (a) The environment is bosonic, (b) it is initially in a Gaussian state, (c) the bare environment Hamiltonian is quadratic in the bosonic creation and annihilation operators, and (d) the spectral density of the environment…”
Open Quantum Systems and Decoherence
Suominen, K. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04063-9_10 · Cited by 2
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Critical conditions protecting entanglement
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Designing Reservoirs for 1/t Decoherence of a Qubit
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Anomalies in Strongly Coupled Harmonic Quantum Brownian Motion
Giraldi, F., & Petruccione, F. (2013) · Open Systems & Information Dynamics · doi:10.1142/s1230161213500029 · Cited by 2
Thermal quantum speed limit for classical-driving open systems
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Quantum measurements in spin-boson model under non-Markovian environment
Berrada, K., & Aldaghri, O. A. (2017) · Physica E Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures · doi:10.1016/j.physe.2017.04.021 · Cited by 2
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Research on System Coherence Evolution of Different Environmental Models
Zhang, S., Lu, J., Li, H., Liu, J.-P., Zhang, X., Liu, H., Liang, Y., Ma, J., Liu, X., & Wu, X.-Y. (2017) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1007/s10773-017-3633-y · Cited by 2
Controllable non-Markovianity in phase relaxation
Kukita, S., Kondo, Y., & Nakahara, M. (2020) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/abbfcf · Cited by 2
“Therefore, it is necessary for us to investigate open quantum systems in various environments theoretically [8–10] and experimentally [11–14].”
BackgroundВывод квантового кинетического уравнения Редфилда и поправок к нему по методу Боголюбова
Trushechkin, A. S. (2021) · Труды Математического института им Стеклова · doi:10.4213/tm4184 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Garraway, B. M.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Garraway, B. M.
- ORCID
- Garraway, B. M.
- Venue
- Physical Review A
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1997-03-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 2290-2303
- ISSN
- 0556-2791 (ISSN-L)
- 1050-2947
- 1094-1622
- OpenAlex
- W2069207980
- Cited by
- 518
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 5.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review A (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- atom-cavity coupling, two-level system, pseudomodes, Lindblad master equation, photonic band gap, high-Q cavity, open quantum systems
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