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Cited by 406

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Quasiadiabatic continuation of quantum states: The stability of topological ground-state degeneracy and emergent gauge invariance

Open access
Hastings, M. B., Wen, Xiao-Gang·2005·Physical Review B
DOI 10.1103/physrevb.72.045141
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Abstract

We define for quantum many-body systems a quasiadiabatic continuation of quantum states. The continuation is valid when the Hamiltonian has a gap, or else has a sufficiently small low-energy density of states, and thus is away from a quantum phase transition. This continuation takes local operators into local operators, while approximately preserving the ground-state expectation values. We apply this continuation to the problem of gauge theories coupled to matter, and propose the distinction of perimeter law versus ``zero law'' to identify confinement. We also apply the continuation to local bosonic models with emergent gauge theories. We show that local gauge invariance is topological and cannot be broken by any local perturbations in the bosonic models in either continuous or discrete gauge groups. We show that the ground-state degeneracy in emergent discrete gauge theories is a robust property of the bosonic model, and we argue that the robustness of local gauge invariance in the continuous case protects the gapless gauge boson.

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Metadata

Authors
Hastings, M. B., & Wen, X.-G.
Venue
Physical Review B
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
2005-07-25
Volume
72
Issue
4
ISSN
  • 1098-0121 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-235X
DOI
10.1103/physrevb.72.045141
OpenAlex
W2019139361
Cited by
406
References
35
FWCI
4.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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