The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantum creation of universes
Abstract
A cosmological wave function describing the tunneling of the Universe from "nothing" into a de Sitter space is found in a simple minisuperspace model. The tunneling probability is proportional to $\mathrm{exp}(\frac{\ensuremath{-}3}{8{G}^{2}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{v}})$, where ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{v}$ is the vacuum energy density at an extremum of the effective potential $V(\ensuremath{\varphi})$. The tunneling is most probable to the highest maximum of $V(\ensuremath{\varphi})$.
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In this Kaluza-Klein case, space-time appears to be four-dimensional although at a more fundamental level it is of dimension n.
“In this case, space-time appears to be four-dimensional although at a more fundamental level it is of dimension n”
From Dimensionality, topology, energy, the cosmological constant and signature change (1996) · cites this paper as [38]
Quantum cosmology suggests that a spatially compact universe can spontaneously nucleate out of 'nothing'.
“Perhaps the most promising approach to this problem is based on quantum cosmology, which suggests that a spatially compact universe can spontaneously nucleate out of 'nothing', where 'nothing' refers to a state with no classical space, time, or matter [2][3][4][5][6][7].”
From On Quantum Creation of a Toroidal Universe (2026) · cites this paper as [6]
In the eternal inflation scenario, the problem of initial conditions may become irrelevant.
“One should note, however, that in the eternal inflation scenario [34,35] the problem of initial conditions may become irrelevant.”
From Creation of a compact topologically nontrivial inflationary universe (2004) · cites this paper as [34]
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Hu, B. L., Paz, J. P., & Zhang, Y. (1992) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.45.2843 · Cited by 996
Eternally existing self-reproducing chaotic inflanationary universe
Linde, A. D. (1986) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(86)90611-8 · Cited by 817
Bojowald, M. (2005) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2005-11 · Cited by 723
Predictions from Quantum Cosmology
Vilenkin, A. (1995) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.74.846 · Cited by 368
Self-citationExperiments with an isolated subatomic particle at rest
Dehmelt, H. (1990) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.62.525 · Cited by 302
Initial conditions for inflation
Goldwirth, D. S., & Piran, T. (1992) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(92)90073-9 · Cited by 232
Creation of a compact topologically nontrivial inflationary universe
Linde, A. (2004) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2004/10/004 · Cited by 158
Spontaneous inflation and the origin of the arrow of time
Carroll, S. M., & Chen, J. (2004) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0410270 · Cited by 135
Can the Universe create itself?
Gott, J. R., & Li, L.-X. (1998) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.58.023501 · Cited by 127
A new perspective on DGP gravity
Gregory, R., Kaloper, N., Myers, R. C., & Padilla, A. (2007) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2007/10/069 · Cited by 77
Quantum cosmology and open universes
Coule, D. H., & Martin, J. (2000) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.61.063501 · Cited by 60
Cordero, R., & Vilenkin, A. (2002) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.083519 · Cited by 46
Self-citationDoes inflation provide natural initial conditions for the universe
Carroll, S. M., & Chen, J. (2005) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-005-0148-2 · Cited by 41
Space for both no-boundary and tunneling quantum states of the Universe
Page, D. N. (1997) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.56.2065 · Cited by 32
DOES INFLATION PROVIDE NATURAL INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE UNIVERSE?
CARROLL, S. M., & CHEN, J. (2005) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271805008054 · Cited by 25
Weyl Curvature Hypothesis in Light of Quantum Backreaction at Cosmological Singularities or Bounces
Hu, B.-L. (2021) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe7110424 · Cited by 8
“The second wave of quantum cosmology arrived in the mid-80s with the considerations of the initial conditions for the wave functions of the universe, notably, Hartle and Hawking’s no boundary condition [113] and Vilenkin’s tunneling wave function [114].”
BackgroundDimensionality, topology, energy, the cosmological constant and signature change
Embacher, F. (1996) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/13/5/012 · Cited by 6
On Quantum Creation of a Toroidal Universe
Guth, A. H., & Vilenkin, A. (2026) · Fundamental Theories of Physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-15703-4_8 · Cited by 4
Self-citationA strictly local solution to the problem of energy in general relativity
Vieira, W. M., & Magalhaes, N. S. (2026) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2025.1710235
“…link between our ideas and proposals of a universe created from nothing (DeWitt, 1967; Wheeler et al., 1968; Tryon, 1973; Starobinsky, 1980; Vilenkin, 1984; Szydlowski and Golbiak, 2010; Krauss, 2012; Carroll et al., 2022), which hypothetically, typically originates from vacuum quantum…”
A Casimir turning point as the beginning of a small flat universe
Zhang, A. (2026) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.24905
“[65] is an analog, while the tunneling proposal [149] is not.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Vilenkin, A.
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1984-07-15
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 509-511
- ISSN
- 0556-2821
- Cited by
- 500
- References
- 7
- Language
- en
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