Cosmological baryon diffusion and nucleosynthesis
Abstract
The diffusion rate of baryons through the big-bang plasma is calculated. Fluctuations in baryon density in the early Universe lead to inhomogeneities in the neutron-proton ratio, due to the differential diffusion of these particles through the radiation plasma. For certain types of nonlinear fluctuations, some nucleosynthesis would occur in very neutron-rich regions. Nuclear products of homogeneous neutron-enriched regions are evaluated numerically using a standard reaction network and these results are used to estimate final abundances in an inhomogeneous universe. Net deuterium and lithium abundances tend to increase and the net helium abundance tends to decrease compared to an unperturbed standard model. It is suggested that pronounced nonlinear baryon-density fluctuations produced in QCD- or electroweak-epoch phase transitions could alter abundances sufficiently to make a closed baryonic universe consistent with current observations of these elements. In such a model the abundance of heavier elements (C,N,O, etc.) increases significantly and approaches observable levels. Abundances can be used to place constraints on extreme scenarios for phase transitions at these epochs.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
If the QCD transition is strong enough, these clumps could be detected by gravitational femtolensing.
“If the QCD transition is strong enough, these clumps could be detected by gravitational femtolensing [108].”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [108]
Cites
Witten, E. (1984) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.30.272 · Cited by 3,452 · see citing works
Bondi, S. H. (1974) · Journal of the Franklin Institute · doi:10.1016/0016-0032(74)90062-3 · Cited by 2,812 · see citing works
A new mechanism for baryogenesis
Affleck, I. K., & Michael Dine, B. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90021-5 · Cited by 1,353 · see citing works
Thermonuclear Reaction Rates, II
Fowler, W. A., Caughlan, G. R., & Zimmerman, B. A. (1975) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.13.090175.000441 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Primordial nucleosynthesis - A critical comparison of theory and observation
Yang, J., Turner, M. S., Schramm, D. N., Steigman, G., & Olive, K. A. (1984) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/162123 · Cited by 667 · see citing works
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: Theories and Observations
Boesgaard, A. M., & Steigman, G. (1985) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.23.090185.001535 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis Revisited
Wagoner, R. V. (1973) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/151873 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Relics of cosmic quark condensation
Applegate, J. H., & Hogan, C. J. (1985) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.31.3037 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. II
Peebles, P. J. E. (1966) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/148918 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Cosmological consequences of a light Higgs boson
Witten, E. H. (1981) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(81)90182-6 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Thermonuclear Reaction Rates, III
Harris, M. J., Fowler, W. A., Caughlan, G. R., & Zimmerman, B. A. (1983) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.21.090183.001121 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Nucleation of cosmological phase transitions
Hogan, C. J. (1983) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90553-1 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationThe ultra-metal-deficient (Population III?) red giant CD 38.245 deg
Bessell, M. S., & Norris, J. E. (1984) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/162539 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
DeGrand, T., & Kajantie, K. (1984) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(84)90115-1 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
The quark-hadron phase transition in the early universe
Suhonen, E. (1982) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)90248-9 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Abundances of elements of cosmological interest
Pagel, B. E. J. (1982) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A Mathematical and Physical Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.1982.0097 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Big bang photosynthesis and pregalactic nucleosynthesis of light elements
Audouze, J., Lindley, D., & Silk, J. I. (1985) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/184490 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Primordial element production in universes with large lepton-baryon ratio
Scherrer, R. J. (1983) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/205.3.683 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationDeuterium and helium-3 production from massive neutrino decay
Scherrer, R. J. (1984) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/210.2.359 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationNucleosynthesis in the low-entropy and lepton-degenerate universe
Terasawa, N., & Sato, K. (1985) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/163268 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Effects of primordial fluctuations on the abundances of light elements
Epstein, R., & Petrosian, V. (1975) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/153511 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Possible Mechanism for Generating Almost Isothermal Baryon-Density Perturbations
Fukugita, M., & Rubakov, V. A. (1986) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.56.988 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Erratum: Relics of cosmic quark condensation
Applegate, J. H., & Hogan, C. J. (1986) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.34.1938 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationPossible mechanism of formation of deuterium in the nucleus of a galaxy
Melik-Alaverdyan, Y. K. (1975) · Astrophysics · doi:10.1007/bf01005185 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cosmological consequences of a rolling homogeneous scalar field
Ratra, B., & Peebles, P. J. E. (1988) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.3406 · Cited by 4,310 · see citing works
New cosmological constraints on primordial black holes
Carr, B. J., Kohri, K., Sendouda, Y., & Yokoyama, J. (2010) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.104019 · Cited by 1,166 · see citing works
The R-process and nucleochronology
Cowan, J. J., Thielemann, F. ‐., & Truran, J. W. (1991) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(91)90070-3 · Cited by 636 · see citing works
Primordial nucleosynthesis: From precision cosmology to fundamental physics
Iocco, F., Mangano, G., Miele, G., Pisanti, O., & Serpico, P. (2008) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2009.02.002 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Primordial hypermagnetic fields and the triangle anomaly
Massimo Giovannini, A., & Shaposhnikov, M. (1998) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.57.2186 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Big-bang nucleosynthesis enters the precision era
Schramm, D. N., & Turner, M. S. (1998) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.70.303 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Primordial Nucleosynthesis: from precision cosmology to fundamental physicsPreprint
Fabio Iocco, A., Mangano, G., Miele, G., Pisanti, O., & Serpico, P. D. (2013) · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Nucleation and bubble growth in a first-order cosmological electroweak phase transition
Enqvist, K., Ignatius, J., Kajantie, K., & Rummukainen, K. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.45.3415 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Fuller, G. M., Mathews, G. J., & Alcock, C. R. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.1380 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Primordial nucleosynthesis: The effects of injecting hadrons
Reno, M. H., & Seckel, D. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.3441 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Probing the early universe: a review of primordial nucleosynthesis beyond the standard big bang
Malaney, R., & Mathews, G. J. (1993) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(93)90134-y · Cited by 205 · see citing works
On the origin of the light elements ( Z < 6 )
Reeves, H. (1994) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.66.193 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Radiative capture of nucleons at astrophysical energies with single-particle states
Huang, J. T., Bertulani, C. A., & Guimarães, V. (2010) · Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables · doi:10.1016/j.adt.2010.06.004 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Phase transitions in quantum chromodynamics
Meyer-Ortmanns, H. (1996) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.68.473 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
“…inhomogeneities had survived until the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis, they may have influenced the light element abundances and led to deviations from values obtained in the standard scenario (without a phase transition) (Schramm et al., 1992; Fuller et al., 1988; Applegate et al., 1987).”
Cosmological helium production simplified
Bernstein, J., Brown, L. S., & Feinberg, G. (1989) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.61.25 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe
Boyanovsky, D., de Vega, H. J., & Schwarz, D. J. (2006) · Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.nucl.56.080805.140539 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Primordial Magnetic Fields, Anomalous Matter-Antimatter Fluctuations, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Massimo Giovannini, A., & Shaposhnikov, M. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.22 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
The structure and reactions of neutron-rich nuclei
Bertulani, C. A., Canto, L. F., & Hussein, M. S. (1993) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(93)90128-z · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Amplification of cosmological inhomogeneities by the QCD transition
Schmid, C., Schwarz, D. J., & Widerin, P. (1999) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.59.043517 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Frontiers in nuclear astrophysics
Bertulani, C. A., & Kajino, T. (2016) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.04.001 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Introducing the Dirac-Milne universe
Benoit-Lévy, A., & Chardin, G. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016103 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Bennaceur, K., Nowacki, F., Okołowicz, J., & Płoszajczak, M. (1999) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(99)00133-5 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Fermion-number susceptibility in lattice gauge theory
Gottlieb, S., Liu, W., Renken, R. L., Sugar, R. L., & Toussaint, D. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.38.2888 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Gelmini, G. B., & Roulet, E. (1995) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/58/10/002 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Constraints on the strength of a primordial magnetic field from big bang nucleosynthesis
Cheng, B., Schramm, D. N., & Truran, J. W. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.5006 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Surface tension in finite-temperature quantum chromodynamics
Huang, S., POTVIN, J., Claudio Rebbi, B., & Sanielevici, S. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.2864 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
The lithium abundance in stars
Michaud, G., & Charbonneau, P. (1991) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/bf00195950 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Turner, M. S. (1991) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/0031-8949/1991/t36/018 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Physics of the cosmological quark-hadron transition
Bonometto, S. A., & Pantano, O. (1993) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(93)90173-b · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Chiral effects in astrophysics and cosmology
Kamada, K., Yamamoto, N., & Yang, D.-L. (2022) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2022.104016 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“In the modern cosmology, which includes primordial inflation, there should be a mechanism to generate the BAU after inflation before the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) at when the temperature of the Universe is around T ∼ 1 MeV, otherwise the matter and antimatter has been annihilated each other and the resultant abun…”
BackgroundInfluentialBaryon-number inhomogeneity generation in the cosmic quark-hadron phase transition
Kurki-Suonio, H. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.2104 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Reflections on Early Work on ‘Big Bang’ Cosmology
Alpher, R. A., & Herman, R. (1988) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.881126 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The degree of fine-tuning in our universe — and others
Adams, F. C. (2019) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2019.02.001 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Since the universe is (essentially) homogeneous and isotropic, the field equation (65) reduces to a single equation of motion for the scale factor (the Friedmann equation [33]), and both contributions provide a single term to the cosmic energy inventory.”
BackgroundHydrodynamics of the cosmological quark-hadron transition
Miller, J. C., & Pantano, O. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.40.1789 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Astrophysical 7Li as a product of Big Bang nucleosynthesis and galactic cosmic-ray spallation
Olive, K. A., & Schramm, D. N. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/360439a0 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Large scale inhomogeneities from the QCD phase transition
Ignatius, J., Kajantie, K., Kurki-Suonio, H., & Laine, M. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.50.3738 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
B-ball dark matter and baryogenesis
Banerjee, R., & Jedamzik, K. (2000) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(00)00688-2 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Inhomogeneous nucleosynthesis with neutron diffusion
Kurki-Suonio, H., Matzner, R. A., Rothman, T., & Wilson, J. R. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.38.1091 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Deflagration instability in the quark-hadron phase transition
Link, B. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.2425 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Introducing the Dirac-Milne universe
Benoit-Lévy, A., & Chardin, G. (2012) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016103/pdf · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Computations of the growth of hadronic bubbles during the cosmological quark-hadron transition
Miller, J. C., & Pantano, O. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.3334 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A Monte Carlo code for multiple neutron scattering events in a thick sample for (n, γ) experiments
Senoo, K., Nagai, Y., Shima, T., Ohsaki, T., & Igashira, M. (1994) · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment · doi:10.1016/0168-9002(94)90193-7 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
POTVIN, J., & Claudio Rebbi, B. (1989) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.62.3062 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Large nucleation distances from impurities in the cosmological quark-hadron transition
Christiansen, M. B., & Madsen, J. (1996) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.53.5446 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Geometrical Effects of Baryon Density Inhomogeneities on Primordial Nucleosynthesis
Orito, M., Kajino, T., Boyd, R. N., & Mathews, G. J. (1997) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/304716 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Peaks above the Harrison-Zel'dovich Spectrum due to the Quark-Gluon to Hadron Transition
Schmid, C., Schwarz, D. J., & Widerin, P. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.791 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effect of small-scale baryon inhomogeneity on cosmic nucleosynthesis
Kurki-Suonio, H., & Matzner, R. A. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.39.1046 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Neutron diffusion, primordial nucleosynthesis, and the r-process
Applegate, J. H. (1988) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(88)90041-5 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationTerasawa, N., & Sato, K. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.39.2893 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Constraints on the gravity-wave background generated by cosmic strings
Bennett, D. P., & Bouchet, F. R. (1991) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.43.2733 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
An NaI(Tl) spectrometer system for keV neutron radiative-capture reactions
Ohsaki, T., Nagai, Y., Igashira, M., Shima, T., Suzuki, T., Kikuchi, T., Kobayashi, T., Takaoka, T., Kinoshita, M., & Nobuhara, Y. (1999) · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment · doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(98)01364-3 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Kiloelectronvolt-Era Nucleosynthesis and Its Implications
Dimopoulos, S., Esmailzadeh, R., Hall, L. J., & Starkman, G. D. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.60.7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Late-time dissipation of primordial baryon-number fluctuations and nucleosynthesis
Alcock, C. R., Dearborn, D. S. P., Fuller, G. M., Mathews, G. J., & Meyer, B. S. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.2607 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Description of the proton and neutron radiative capture reactions in the Gamow shell model
Fossez, K., Michel, N., Płoszajczak, M., Jaganathen, Y., & Betán, R. I. (2015) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.91.034609 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
O17 (n,α )14 C cross section from 25 meV to approximately 1 MeV
Koehler, P., & Graff, S. (1991) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.44.2788 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Chiral-symmetry order parameter, the lattice, and nucleosynthesis
McLerran, L. (1987) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.36.3291 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Neutron capture cross section of O18 and its astrophysical implications
Meißner, J., Schatz, H., Görres, J., Herndl, H., Wiescher, M., Beer, H., & Käppeler, F. (1996) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.53.459 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
B11 +α reaction rates and primordial nucleosynthesis
Wang, T. R., Vogelaar, R. B., & Kavanagh, R. W. (1991) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.43.883 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Expansion velocity of cosmological QCD bubbles
Kajantie, K. (1992) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(92)91513-9 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Inhomogeneous big-bang nucleosynthesis in light of recent observations
Kainulainen, K., Kurki-Suonio, H., & Keihänen, E. (1999) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.59.083505 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Can a Large Neutron Excess Help Solve the Baryon Loading Problem in Gamma-Ray Burst Fireballs?
Fuller, G. M., Pruet, J., & Abazajian, K. N. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.85.2673 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Measurement of the 8Li(α,n)11B reaction and astrophysical implications
Mizoi, Y., Fukuda, T., Matsuyama, Y., Miyachi, T., Miyatake, H., Aoi, N., Fukuda, N., Notani, M., Watanabe, Y. X., Yoneda, K., et al. (2000) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.62.065801 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Density inhomogeneities in heavy-ion collisions around the critical point
Paech, K., & Dumitru, A. (2005) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.08.006 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
QCD Phase Transition in the Inhomogeneous Universe
Ignatius, J., & Schwarz, D. J. (2001) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.2216 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Evolution of baryon number density during the cosmic quark-hadron phase transition
Sumiyoshi, K., Kajino, T., Alcock, C. R., & Mathews, G. J. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.3963 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis with an Inhomogeneous Primordial Magnetic Field Strength
Luo, Y., Kajino, T., Kusakabe, M., & Mathews, G. J. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab0088 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Besides these, a variety of nonstandard BBN models have also been proposed such as an inhomogeneous BBN (Alcock et al. 1987; Applegate et al. 1987; Fuller et al. 1988; Kajino 1991; Orito et al. 1997; Lara et al. 2006; Nakamura et al. 2017), dark matter decay (Kusakabe et al. 2013), sterile…”
BackgroundJedamzik, K., & Rehm, J. B. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.64.023510 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Baryon inhomogeneity generation in the quark-gluon plasma phase
Layek, B., Mishra, A. P., Srivastava, A. M., & Tiwari, V. K. (2006) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.103514 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Isocurvature baryon number fluctuations in an inflationary universe
Turner, M. S., Cohen, A. G., & Kaplan, D. B. (1989) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(89)91362-2 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Surface tension of nucleating hadrons using the free energy of an isolated quark
Brower, R. C., Huang, S., POTVIN, J., & Claudio Rebbi, B. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.2703 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Baryon isocurvature constraints on the primordial hypermagnetic fields
Kamada, K., Uchida, F., & Yokoyama, J. (2021) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2021/04/034 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“The choice of the window function is motivated by the fact that the neutron diffusion equation is approximated by a heat equation [49] whose (three-dimensional) heat kernel is the Gaussian function.”
MethodHeavy element production in inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis
Matsuura, S., Fujimoto, S.-I., Nishimura, S., Hashimoto, M. A., & Sato, K. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.72.123505 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Surface energy of the confined phase-nonconfined phase interface in QCD matter
Kajantie, K., & Kärkkäinen, L. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90126-8 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Perfect wetting. An alternative for hadronic matter formation in the cooling universe
Frei, Z., & Patkós, A. (1989) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(89)90164-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Spectrum of QCD nucleation-site separations and primordial nucleosynthesis
Meyer, B. S., Alcock, C. R., Mathews, G. J., & Fuller, G. M. (1991) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.43.1079 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Interaction rates at high magnetic field strengths and high degeneracy
Cheng, B., Schramm, D. N., & Truran, J. W. (1993) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(93)91038-o · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Big Bang nucleosynthesis: the Standard Model and alternatives
Schramm, D. N. (1991) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/0031-8949/1991/t36/003 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
First-order cosmological phase transitions in the radiation-dominated era
Mégevand, A. (2004) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.69.103521 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Generation of baryon inhomogeneities in the electroweak phase transition
Mégevand, A., & Astorga, F. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.023502 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Stochastic Isocurvature Baryon Fluctuations, Baryon Diffusion, and Primordial Nucleosynthesis
Kurki-Suonio, H., Jedamzik, K., & Mathews, G. J. (1997) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/303858 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Big-bang nucleosynthesis and the quark-hadron phase transition
Reeves, H. (1991) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(91)90133-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Random Spherical Hyperbolic Diffusion
Broadbridge, P., Kolesnik, A. D., Leonenko, N. N., & Olenko, A. Y. (2019) · Journal of Statistical Physics · doi:10.1007/s10955-019-02395-0 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The number of neutrino species
Denegri, D., Sadoulet, B., & Spiro, M. (1990) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.62.1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Baryon density contrast and strangeness abundance during the big bang confinement phase transition
Kapusta, J. I., & Olive, K. A. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90949-5 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Zero-metallicity stellar sources and the reionization epoch
Cojazzi, P., Bressan, A., Lucchin, F., Pantano, O., & Chávez, M. (2000) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03670.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cosmic string induced sheetlike baryon inhomogeneities at the quark-hadron transition
Layek, B., Sanyal, S., & Srivastava, A. M. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.083512 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Quark-Hadron Transition in Cosmology and Astrophysics
Olive, K. A. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.251.4998.1194 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Limits on cosmic matter-antimatter domains from big bang nucleosynthesis
Rehm, J. B., & Jedamzik, K. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.043509 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Big Bang nucleosynthesis constraint on baryonic isocurvature perturbations
Inomata, K., Kawasaki, M., Kusenko, A., & Yang, L. (2018) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2018/12/003 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“(12) we take the neutron diffusion length dn as a cutoff because the proton diffusion length dp is about 100 times shorter than dn [17].”
BackgroundThe first second of the Universe
Schwarz, D. J. (2003) · Annalen der Physik · doi:10.1002/andp.20035150402 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Hadron bubble evolution into the quark sea
Katherine Freese, B., & Adams, F. C. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.41.2449 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Surface energy from the order parameter profile at the QCD phase transition
Frei, Z., & Patkós, A. (1989) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(89)90346-8 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
On the finite-temperature transition of QCD
Gupta, R., GURALNIK, G. S., Kilcup, G. W., Patel, A., & Sharpe, S. R. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90608-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Electroweak Baryogenesis Induced by a Scalar Field
Brustein, R., & Oaknin, D. H. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.2628 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Overproduction of He4 in strongly inhomogeneous Ωb=1 models of primordial nucleosynthesis
Kurki-Suonio, H., & Matzner, R. A. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.1047 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Nakamura, R., Hashimoto, M.-A., Ichimasa, R., & Arai, K. (2017) · International Journal of Modern Physics E · doi:10.1142/s0218301317410038 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
On the magnitude of the 8Li + 4He → 11B + n reaction cross section at the Big-Bang temperature
Cognata, M. L., Zoppo, A. D., Figuera, P., Musumarra, A., Alba, R., Cherubini, S., Colonna, N., Cosentino, L., Crucillà, V., Pietro, A. D., et al. (2008) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.05.026 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Molecular fluorine chemistry in the early Universe
Puy, D., Dubrovich, V., Lipovka, A. A., Talbi, D., & Vonlanthen, P. (2007) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066934 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“…very high baryon density in a small fraction of the universe and in these regions some fraction of heavy elements were already synthesized during primordial nucleosynthesis (Applegate et al. 1987); (Thomas et al. 1994); (Jedamzik et al. 1994); (Kurki-Suonio et al. 1977); (Jedamzik & Rehm 2001).”
BackgroundReply to “Comment on ‘Heavy element production in inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis’”
Matsuura, S., Fujimoto, S.-I., Hashimoto, M. A., & Sato, K. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.068302 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Measurement of the H2 (n,γ) H3 reaction cross section between 10 and 550 keV
Nagai, Y., Kobayashi, T., Shima, T., Kikuchi, T., Takaoka, K., Igashira, M., Golak, J., Skibiński, R., Witała, H., Nogga, A., et al. (2006) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.74.025804 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Applegate, J. H., Hogan, C. J., & Scherrer, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1987-02-15
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1151-1160
- ISSN
- 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034982956
- Cited by
- 246
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 41.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Nuclear physics research studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- big bang nucleosynthesis, baryon density fluctuations, neutron-to-proton ratio, deuterium abundance, lithium abundance, helium abundance, phase transitions, QCD phase transition, electroweak phase transition, closed universe, primordial abundances, reaction networks
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
