Cited by 609Cosmology and Gravitation TheoriesNoncommutative and Quantum Gravity TheoriesGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena

How long before the end of inflation were observable perturbations produced?

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Liddle, Andrew R., Leach, Samuel M.·2003·Physical Review D

Abstract

We reconsider the issue of the number of e-foldings before the end of inflation at which observable perturbations were generated. We determine a plausible upper limit on that number for the standard cosmology which is around 60, with the expectation that the actual value will be up to 10 below this. We also note a special property of the $\ensuremath{\lambda}{\ensuremath{\varphi}}^{4}$ model which reduces the uncertainties in that case and favors a higher value, giving a fairly definite prediction of 64 e-foldings for that model. We note an extreme (and highly implausible) situation where the number of e-foldings can be even higher, possibly up to 100, and discuss the shortcomings of quantifying inflation by e-foldings rather than by the change in $\mathrm{aH}.$ Finally, we discuss the impact of nonstandard evolution between the end of inflation and the present, showing that again the expected number of e-foldings can be modified, and in some cases significantly increased.

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  1. [7]7. ͓7͔ S. M. Leach and A. R. Liddle, Phys. Rev. D ͑to be published͒, astro-ph/0306305. · arXiv

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Authors
Liddle, A. R., & Leach, S. M.
Affiliations
University of Sussex (GB)
Venue
Physical Review D
Published
2003-11-11
Volume
68
Issue
10
ISSN
  • 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
  • 1089-4918
OpenAlex
W2170963768
Cited by
607
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
FWCI
10.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields (publishedVersion)
  • Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex) (submittedVersion)
  • CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • Leverhulme Trust
  • European Commission
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Keywords
inflation (cosmology), end of inflation, cosmic inflation, Hubble parameter, primordial perturbations

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