How complexity emerges in urban systems: Theory of urban morphology
Abstract
Human beings develop the land and transform land use patterns, constructing artificial structures. Among them, the city is a representative system and its morphology has attracted much attention. While most existing studies have been devoted to individual dynamics and focused on the proximity of specific areas of a city, we here pay attention to the city as a complex system, where interactions between individuals give rise to emergent properties. Specifically, analyzing the big data on every building in Seoul City, we specify the relevant interactions among constituents and probe the emergence of complex land use patterns. In particular, based on the empirical observations, we illustrate that interactions between land uses are frustrated, which serves as a basic postulate of the theory of urban morphology. We examine this conjecture with the help of a layered Ising-type model and disclose that the actual land use pattern emerges at the criticality of the system in the presence of heterogeneously distributed fields. It is also remarked that our model, allowing quantitative predictions, can easily be applied to other cities around the world.
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A neural network model of brain regions underlying spatial schemas, consisting of an HPC-supported indexing stream and a neocortex-dominant representation stream, replicates early experiments in rodents.
“A neural network model of brain regions underlying spatial schemas, consisting of an HPC-supported indexing stream and a neocortex-dominant representation stream 201 , replicates early experiments in rodents 53,54 .”
From From cognitive maps to spatial schemas (2023) · cites this paper as [201]
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- Authors
- Goh, S., Choi, M. Y., Lee, K., & Kim, K.-M.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Sungshin Women's University (KR)
- Venue
- Physical Review E
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2016-05-23
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 052309-052309
- ISSN
- 2470-0045 (ISSN-L)
- 2470-0053
- OpenAlex
- W2398777875
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 3.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical review. E (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea (2013S1A5A2A01017764)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Condensed Matter Physics › Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Keywords
- urban morphology, urban complexity, emergent properties, land use patterns, frustrated interactions, criticality, building data, Seoul, complex systems, urban land use
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