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Self-Testing Quantum Random Number Generator
Open accessAbstract
The generation of random numbers is a task of paramount importance in modern science. A central problem for both classical and quantum randomness generation is to estimate the entropy of the data generated by a given device. Here we present a protocol for self-testing quantum random number generation, in which the user can monitor the entropy in real time. Based on a few general assumptions, our protocol guarantees continuous generation of high quality randomness, without the need for a detailed characterization of the devices. Using a fully optical setup, we implement our protocol and illustrate its self-testing capacity. Our work thus provides a practical approach to quantum randomness generation in a scenario of trusted but error-prone devices.
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“For example, the source and measurement devices can be assumed to occupy independent two-dimensional quantum subspaces. 85”
From Quantum random number generation (2016) · cites this paper as [85]
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“Apart from the above two types of QRNGs, there are also some other QRNGs that achieve self-testing except under some mild assumptions.”
From Quantum random number generation (2016) · cites this paper as [85]
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The future of secure communications: Device independence in quantum key distribution
Ghoreishi, S. A., Scala, G., Renner, R., Tacca, L. L., Bouda, J., Walborn, S. P., & Pawłowski, M. (2025) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2025.09.006 · Cited by 18
Imperfection-insensitivity quantum random number generator with untrusted daily illumination
Lin, X. P., Wang, R., Wang, S., Yin, Z., Chen, W., He, D., Zhou, Z., Guo, G., & Han, Z. (2022) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.460907 · Cited by 15
An, X.-B., Li, H.-W., Yin, Z., Hu, M., Huang, W., Xu, B., Wang, S., Chen, W., Guo, G., & Han, Z. (2018) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.43.003437 · Cited by 14
Semi-device-independent characterization of quantum measurements under a minimum overlap assumption
Shi, W., Cai, Y., Brask, J. B., Zbinden, H., & Brunner, N. (2019) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.100.042108 · Cited by 14
Self-citationMaity, A. G., Mal, S., Jebarathinam, C., & Majumdar, A. S. (2021) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.103.062604 · Cited by 14
Quantum Random Number Generator (QRNG): theoretical and experimental investigations
Haider, Z., Saeed, M. H., Zaheer, M., Alvi, Z. A., Ilyas, M., Nasreen, T., Imran, M., Islam, R., & Ikram, M. (2023) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04421-3 · Cited by 15
Upper bound on certifiable randomness from a quantum black-box device
Ioannou, M., Brask, J. B., & Brunner, N. (2019) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.99.052338 · Cited by 12
Self-citationSingle Photon Randomness based on a Defect Center in Diamond
Chen, X., Greiner, J., Wrachtrup, J., & Gerhardt, I. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54594-0 · Cited by 14
Single-System-Based Generation of Certified Randomness Using Leggett-Garg Inequality
Nath, P. P., Saha, D., Home, D., & Sinha, U. (2024) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.133.020802 · Cited by 12
Pandey, S. K., & Jenef, R. (2024) · International Conference on Communication Systems & Networks (COMSNETS) · doi:10.1109/comsnets59351.2024.10426934 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Lunghi, T., Brask, J. B., Lim, C. C. W., Lavigne, Q., Bowles, J., Martin, A., Zbinden, H., & Brunner, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2015-04-15
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 150501-150501
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2025267340
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 16.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Schweizerische Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (PP00P2_138917, QSIT)
- SEFRI
- SIQS
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Keywords
- quantum random number generation, self-testing, device-independent randomness
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