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Why pandemic response is unique: powerful experts and hands-off political leaders

Baekkeskov, Erik, Rubin, Olivier·2014·Disaster Prevention and Management
DOI 10.1108/dpm-05-2012-0060
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Abstract

Purpose: – The purpose of this paper is to show that 2009 H1N1 “swine” influenza pandemic vaccination policies deviated from predictions established in the theory of political survival, and to propose that pandemic response deviated because it was ruled by bureaucratized experts rather than by elected politicians. Design/methodology/approach: – Focussing on the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the paper employs descriptive statistical analysis of vaccination policies in nine western democracies. To probe the plausibility of the novel explanation, it uses quantitative and qualitative content analyses of media attention and coverage in two deviant cases, the USA and Denmark. Findings: – Theories linking political survival to disaster responses find little empirical support in the substantial cross-country variations of vaccination responses during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Rather than following a political logic, the case studies of media coverage in the USA and Denmark demonstrate that the response was bureaucratized in the public health agencies (CDC and DMHA, respectively). Hence, while natural disaster responses appear to follow a political logic, the response to pandemics appears to be more strongly instituted in the hands of bureaucratic experts. Research limitations/implications: – There is an added value of encompassing bureaucratic dynamics in political theories of disaster response; bureaucratized expertise proved to constitute a strong plausible explanation of the 2009 pandemic vaccination response. Practical implications: – Pandemic preparedness and response depends critically on understanding the lessons of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic; a key lesson supported by this paper is that expert-based agencies rather than political leaders are the pivotal actors. Originality/value: – This paper is the first to pinpoint the limitations of political survival theories of disaster responses with respect to the 2009 pandemic. Further, it is among the few to analyze the causes of variations in cross-country pandemic vaccination policies during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.

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Crossref · 10.1108/dpm-05-2012-0060

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Research works printed but not linked: 33

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Metadata

Authors
Baekkeskov, E., & Rubin, O.
Venue
Disaster Prevention and Management
Publisher
Emerald
Published
2014-01-28
Volume
23
Issue
1
Pages
81-93
ISSN
0965-3562
DOI
10.1108/dpm-05-2012-0060
Cited by
46
References
4
Language
en
Licence
www.emerald.com/insight/site-policies (tdm)

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Baekkeskov, E., & Rubin, O. (2014). Why pandemic response is unique: powerful experts and hands-off political leaders. Disaster Prevention and Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/dpm-05-2012-0060