The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Statistical image reconstruction for polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography
Open accessAbstract
This paper describes a statistical image reconstruction method for X-ray computed tomography (CT) that is based on a physical model that accounts for the polyenergetic X-ray source spectrum and the measurement nonlinearities caused by energy-dependent attenuation. We assume that the object consists of a given number of nonoverlapping materials, such as soft tissue and bone. The attenuation coefficient of each voxel is the product of its unknown density and a known energy-dependent mass attenuation coefficient. We formulate a penalized-likelihood function for this polyenergetic model and develop an ordered-subsets iterative algorithm for estimating the unknown densities in each voxel. The algorithm monotonically decreases the cost function at each iteration when one subset is used. Applying this method to simulated X-ray CT measurements of objects containing both bone and soft tissue yields images with significantly reduced beam hardening artifacts.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the EM Algorithm
Dempster, A. P., Laird, N. M., & Rubin, D. B. (1977) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x · Cited by 50,444
Principles of Computerized Tomographic Imaging
Kak, A. C., & Slaney, M. (2001) · doi:10.1137/1.9780898719277 · Cited by 5,809
A Method for Correcting Bone Induced Artifacts in Computed Tomography Scanners
Joseph, P. M., & Spital, R. D. (1978) · Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography · doi:10.1097/00004728-197801000-00017 · Cited by 281 · cited 10×
“These classes can be determined by segmenting a FBP reconstruction that has been “corrected” for beam hardening effects [18].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Cited by
Yang, Q., Yan, P., Zhang, Y., Yu, H., Shi, Y., Mou, X., Kalra, M. K., Zhang, Y., Sun, L., & Wang, G. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2018.2827462 · Cited by 1,630
Strategies for Reducing Radiation Dose in CT
McCollough, C. H., Primak, A. N., Braun, N., Kofler, J., Yu, L., & Christner, J. (2009) · Radiologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2008.10.006 · Cited by 842
Nonlinear sinogram smoothing for low-dose X-ray CT
Li, T., Li, X., Wang, J., Wen, J., Lu, H., Hsieh, J., & Liang, Z. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science · doi:10.1109/tns.2004.834824 · Cited by 309
Wu, J., Wang, X., Mou, X., Chen, Y., & Liu, S. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20061647 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Elbakri, I. A., & Fessler, J. A.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 89-99
- ISSN
- 0278-0062 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2098092211
- Cited by
- 691
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 7.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Statistical image reconstruction for polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/42.993128
- The paper
- Elbakri, I. A., & Fessler, J. A. (2002). Statistical image reconstruction for polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1109/42.993128
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
