Deeper and Wider Siamese Networks for Real-Time Visual Tracking
Open accessAbstract
Siamese networks have drawn great attention in visual tracking because of their balanced accuracy and speed. However, the backbone networks used in Siamese trackers are relatively shallow, such as AlexNet, which does not fully take advantage of the capability of modern deep neural networks. In this paper, we investigate how to leverage deeper and wider convolutional neural networks to enhance tracking robustness and accuracy. We observe that direct replacement of backbones with existing powerful architectures, such as ResNet and Inception, does not bring improvements. The main reasons are that 1) large increases in the receptive field of neurons lead to reduced feature discriminability and localization precision; and 2) the network padding for convolutions induces a positional bias in learning. To address these issues, we propose new residual modules to eliminate the negative impact of padding, and further design new architectures using these modules with controlled receptive field size and network stride. The designed architectures are lightweight and guarantee real-time tracking speed when applied to SiamFC and SiamRPN. Experiments show that solely due to the proposed network architectures, our SiamFC+ and SiamRPN+ obtain up to 9.8%/6.3% (AUC), 23.3%/8.8% (EAO) and 24.4%/25.0% (EAO) relative improvements over the original versions on the OTB-15, VOT-16 and VOT-17 datasets, respectively.
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- Authors
- Zhang, Z., & Peng, H.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Microsoft (United States) (US)
- Venue
- 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2019-06
- Pages
- 4586-4595
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2964423614
- Cited by
- 1,160
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 180 · 2023: 227 · 2022: 245 · 2021: 212 · 2020: 137 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 50.12
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Microsoft Research
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (JQ18018, U1803119)
- Microsoft Research Asia
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Keywords
- Siamese network, real-time visual tracking, deep convolutional neural networks, receptive fields, position bias, residual modules, SiamFC, SiamRPN++, lightweight tracker, feature discriminability
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