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Cited by 191

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Social risk and depression: Evidence from manual and automatic facial expression analysis

Open access
Girard, Jeffrey M., Cohn, Jeffrey F., Mahoor, Mohammad H., Mavadati, Seyedmohammad, Rosenwald, Dean P.·2013·2013 10th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)

Abstract

Investigated the relationship between change over time in severity of depression symptoms and facial expression. Depressed participants were followed over the course of treatment and video recorded during a series of clinical interviews. Facial expressions were analyzed from the video using both manual and automatic systems. Automatic and manual coding were highly consistent for FACS action units, and showed similar effects for change over time in depression severity. For both systems, when symptom severity was high, participants made more facial expressions associated with contempt, smiled less, and those smiles that occurred were more likely to be accompanied by facial actions associated with contempt. These results are consistent with the "social risk hypothesis" of depression. According to this hypothesis, when symptoms are severe, depressed participants withdraw from other people in order to protect themselves from anticipated rejection, scorn, and social exclusion. As their symptoms fade, participants send more signals indicating a willingness to affiliate. The finding that automatic facial expression analysis was both consistent with manual coding and produced the same pattern of depression effects suggests that automatic facial expression analysis may be ready for use in behavioral and clinical science.

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Metadata

Authors
Girard, J. M., Cohn, J. F., Mahoor, M. H., Mavadati, S., & Rosenwald, D. P.
Venue
2013 10th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)
Publisher
IEEE
Published
2013-04
Pages
1-8
OpenAlex
W2157735101
Cited by
191
References
12
FWCI
15.89
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Social risk and depression: Evidence from manual and automatic facial expression analysis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/fg.2013.6553748
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Girard, J. M., Cohn, J. F., Mahoor, M. H., Mavadati, S., & Rosenwald, D. P. (2013). Social risk and depression: Evidence from manual and automatic facial expression analysis. 2013 10th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG). https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2013.6553748

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