A high-efficiency 3.3-kW bidirectional on-board charger
Abstract
A bidirectional on-board charger (BODC) using a full-bridge bidirectional dc-ac inverter and a bidirectional CLLLC dc-dc converter has been designed and built for electric vehicle (EV) on-board charger applications. The dc-ac inverter can be operated in ac-dc with power factor correction (PFC) function. The CLLC dc-dc converter is modified from LLC converter with two separate resonant capacitors on both side of the transformer. A 3.3 kW bidirectional on-board charger prototype has been designed and built. Experimental results show al different operating modes including (1) battery charging mode, (2) vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and (3) vehicle to house (V2H) mode.
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A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles
Yuan, J., Dorn-Gomba, L., Callegaro, A. D., Reimers, J., & Emadi, A. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3069448 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
“Although there are many challenges of the application of bidirectional OBCs [17], such as additional system cost and reliability burden, low power density and high weight, and complex smart grid architecture implementation [18], [19], it is widely believed that bidirectional OBCs will become the main charging solution…”
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“Active frontend converter, double compensated DC/ DC converter [62]-[64]”
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“Since the state-of-the-art level 2 on-board charger products are largely Si-based, they operate at less than 100-kHz switching frequency, resulting in a low power density at 3–12 W/in3, as well as an efficiency not more than 92%–94% [1]–[5].”
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Wide-bandgap semiconductors and power electronics as pathways to carbon neutrality
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EV Control in G2V and V2G modes using SOGI Controller
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“However, due to V2G technology power transfer from vehicle to grid will enable a remarkable improvement in system reliability [17-18].”
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“However, this can result in high switching losses on the PFC stage and reduction of efficiency [5].”
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“A CLLLC type resonant converter with a series LC branch in the secondary side has been proposed to solve these problems [22], [23].”
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“With the development of electric vehicles, the charging power is also increasing, so the future development direction of bidirectional DC-DC converters will continue to move towards greater power.”
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“BDCs are widely forecasted in order to become the ruling charging solution in the near future [20], despite a number of limitations [17], such as increase cost of the system, dependability, weight, complex smart grid architecture execution and low power density[18],[19].”
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“They require a 230 Vac input voltage and a 16 A input current [2].”
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“…On-Board Chargers (OBCs), as mentioned in reference [11], which include amplified system costs, low power density, and substantial weight, the emergence of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology presents an opportunity for notable advancements in system reliability, as indicated in references [12], [13].”
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“Probably, bidirectional OBCs will gradually be adopted as standard charging facilities, as mentioned in reference [14]-[15].”
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“In order to provide isolation via the DC/DC converter a FullBridge (FB) topology can be adopted with high frequency transformer [4], [5], but the soft-switching region, due to the presence of leakage inductance and parasitic capacitance, is relatively small [6], [7] and depends on the load.”
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“Pulse frequency modulated (PFM) CLLC converter topologies are presented in [3]–[5], [8], [9] can achieve soft switching over the entire load range, however, PFM based control scheme requires variation of the switching frequency over a wide range, hence poses design challenges and also voltage transfer gain of the conv…”
BackgroundModelling and Control of Inverters in Single-Phase Nanogrid
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A SiC-MOSFET Based Bidirectional EV Charger for V2X Application
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“OBCs are largely project as the only in the near future [20], despite a number of limitations [17], such as increase cost of the system, dependability, weight, complex smart grid architecture execution and low power density[18],[19].”
BackgroundA New Three-Phase Buck-Boost Current-Source Converter with Bidirectional Switches
Figueiredo, Y. P., Bezerra, V. F., Vitorino, M. A., et al. (2025) · doi:10.1109/ecce58356.2025.11260433
- Authors
- Lai, J.-S., Zhang, L., Zahid, Z., Tseng, N.-H., Lee, C.-S., & Lin, C.-H.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Industrial Technology Research Institute (TW)
- Venue
- 2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2015-11
- OpenAlex
- W2210798536
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 2.06
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced DC-DC Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wireless Power Transfer Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Keywords
- electric vehicle charging, bidirectional DC-DC converter, power factor correction, vehicle-to-grid, battery charging, resonant converter
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