A Modular SiC High-Frequency Solid-State Transformer for Medium-Voltage Applications: Design, Implementation, and Testing
Open accessAbstract
The advancements in wide-bandgap devices are enabling applications of power electronic converters coupled directly with medium-voltage (MV) grids that incorporate galvanic isolation within the converter using high-frequency solid-state transformers (SSTs). This paper presents analysis, design, and the characterization results of a 50-kVA modular soft-switched ac-ac SST using silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFET for MV (>6 kV ac) applications. The SST is comprised of two hard-switched ac-line interface bridges and a resonant dc-dc stage switched at approximately 180 kHz. To minimize the cost of switching elements per ampere and maximize the design flexibility, the design uses multiple discrete SiC devices of, readily available, 1700-V ratings. This paper covers the analysis of soft-switching operation, control architecture, converter design, and system-level integration.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A three-phase soft-switched high-power-density DC/DC converter for high-power applications
Doncker, R. W. A. A. D., Divan, D. M., & Kheraluwala, M. H. (1991) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/28.67533 · Cited by 2,566 · see citing works
Zhao, B., Song, Q., Liu, W., & Sun, Y. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2013.2289913 · Cited by 1,886 · see citing works
A new ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter for fuel cell and battery application
Peng, F. Z., Li, H., Su, G.-J., & Lawler, J. S. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2003.820550 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
Jung, J., Kim, H., Ryu, M.-H., & Baek, J.-W. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2012.2213346 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Power Electronic Traction Transformer—Medium Voltage Prototype
Zhao, C., Dujic, D., Mester, A., Steinke, J. K., Weiss, M., Lewdeni-Schmid, S., Chaudhuri, T., & Stefanutti, P. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2013.2278960 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Wei, C., Rong, P., & Lü, Z. (2009) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2037099 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Medium-Voltage Solid-State Transformer: Technology for a Smarter and Resilient Grid
Huang, A. Q. (2016) · IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine · doi:10.1109/mie.2016.2589061 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Medium frequency topology in railway applications
Steiner, M., & Reinold, H. (2007) · 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications · doi:10.1109/epe.2007.4417570 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Robust Circuit Parameters Design for the CLLC-Type DC Transformer in the Hybrid AC–DC Microgrid
Huang, J., Zhang, X., Shuai, Z., Zhang, X., Wang, P., Koh, L. H., Xiao, J., & Tong, X. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2835373 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
An actively cooled high power, high frequency transformer with high insulation capability
Heinemann, L. (2003) · APEC. Seventeenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.02CH37335) · doi:10.1109/apec.2002.989270 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The Thyristor Electronic Transformer: a Power Converter Using a High-Frequency Link
McMurray, W. (1971) · IEEE Transactions on Industry and General Applications · doi:10.1109/tiga.1971.4181326 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Chen, Q., Raju, R., Dong, D., & Agamy, M. S. (2018) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce.2018.8557849 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, B., Li, Q., & Lee, F. C. (2018) · 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) · doi:10.1109/apec.2018.8341053 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
A High Power Medium Voltage Resonant Dual Active Bridge for MVDC Ship Power Networks
Agamy, M. S., Dong, D., Garces, L. J., Zhang, Y., Dame, M. E., Wu, X., & Pan, Y. H. (2016) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2016.2636365 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh frequency transformer design for modular power conversion from medium voltage AC to 400V DC
Zhao, S., Li, Q., & Lee, F. C. (2017) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec.2017.7931108 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Zhao, C., Weiss, M., Mester, A., Lewdeni-Schmid, S., Dujić, D., Steinke, J. K., & Chaudhuri, T. (2012) · International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM) · doi:10.1109/speedam.2012.6264496 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Feng, W., Mattavelli, P., Lee, F. C., & Fu, D. (2011) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec.2011.5744567 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Solid-state transformers using silicon carbide-based modular building blocks
Raju, R., Dame, M. E., & Steigerwald, R. L. (2017) · IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS) · doi:10.1109/peds.2017.8289295 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Watson, A. J., Wheeler, P. W., & Clare, J. (2011) · European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Dong, D., Agamy, M. S., Mandrusiak, G. D., & Chen, Q. (2017) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce.2017.8095951 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationA high power medium voltage resonant dual active bridge for DC distribution networks
Agamy, M. S., Dong, D., Garces, L. J., Zhang, Y., Dame, M. E., Atalla, A., & Pan, Y. H. (2016) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce.2016.7854695 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationResonant converter building blocks for high power, high voltage applications
Agamy, M. S., Dame, M. E., Dai, J., Li, X., Cioffi, P., Sellick, R. L., & Gupta, R. K. (2015) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec.2015.7104641 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationDong, D., Raju, R., Ganireddy, G., & Agamy, M. S. (2018) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce.2018.8557959 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- J. W. Kolar, J. E. Huber, "Solid-state Transformer -Key Design Challenge, Applicability, and Future Concepts," IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, 2016.
- Engel, M. Victor, G. Bachmann, "15kV/16.7Hz energy supply system with medium frequency transformer and 6.5 KV IGBTs in resonant operation," European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE), 2001.
- IEEE Std. C57.12.01-2015 "IEEE Standard for General Requirement for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers,"
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Isolated and Nonisolated DC-to-DC Converters for Medium-Voltage DC Networks: A Review
Alhurayyis, I., Elkhateb, A., & Morrow, D. J. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2020.3028057 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Yan, N., Dong, D., Burgos, R. P., & Ismail, A. (2021) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2021.3108717 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationSwitching Transition Analysis and Optimization for Bidirectional CLLC Resonant DC Transformer
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Burgos, R. P., Ismail, A., & Dong, D. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3125265 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationWide-bandgap semiconductors and power electronics as pathways to carbon neutrality
Zhang, Y., Dong, D., Li, Q., Zhang, R., Udrea, F., & Wang, H. (2025) · Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s44287-024-00135-5 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationSoft-Switching Solid-State Transformer With Reduced Conduction Loss
Zheng, L., Kandula, R. P., & Divan, D. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3030795 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Zheng, L., Han, X., An, Z., Kandula, R. P., Kandasamy, K., Saeedifard, M., & Divan, D. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3066908 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Hardware Design of a 13.8-kV/3-MVA PV Plus Storage Solid-State Transformer (PVS-SST)
Xu, W., Guo, Z., Vetrivelan, A., Yu, R., & Huang, A. Q. (2021) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2021.3082033 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
DC/DC Converter for Bipolar LVdc System With Integrated Voltage Balance Capability
Li, B., Fu, Q., Mao, S., Zhao, X., Xu, D., Gong, X., & Wang, Q. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3032417 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Mahmud, M. H., Christian, S. F., Fantino, R. A., Gomez, R. A., Zhao, Y., & Balda, J. C. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2020.3044572 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Ngo, K. D. T., & Dong, D. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3279259 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, X., Li, B., Fu, Q., Mao, S., Xu, D., Leon, J. I., & Franquelo, L. G. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3007674 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Zhuang, Y., Liu, F., Huang, Y., Wang, S., Pan, S., Zha, X., & Diao, X. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3105528 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Review of wide band-gap technology: power device, gate driver, and converter design
Ravinchandra, K., Suan, F. T. K., Lee, J.-S., Lee, K., Mantooth, H. A., Thiruchelvam, V., & Xian, J. I. Y. Y. (2022) · Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1007/s43236-022-00470-6 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Lin, F., Zhang, X., Li, X., Sun, C., Zsurzsan, T., Cai, W., & Wang, C. (2023) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2022.3232534 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Rahman, M. A., Islam, M. R., Muttaqi, K. M., & Sutanto, D. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/tia.2020.2972507 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Advanced Ferromagnetic Materials in Power Electronic Converters: A State of the Art
Rodriguez-Sotelo, D., Rodríguez, M., Soriano-Sánchez, A. G., Espinosa-Calderon, A., & Pérez-Pinal, F. J. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.2982161 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Ngo, M., Cao, Y., Dong, D., Burgos, R. P., Nguyen, K. T., & Ismail, A. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2022.3223849 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationLu, C., Hu, W., & Lee, F. C. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3035150 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Wang, W., Liu, Y., He, J., Ma, D., Hu, L., Yu, S., Li, S., & Liu, J. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2022.3155751 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Monteiro, V., Martins, J. S., Fernandes, J. C. A., & Afonso, J. L. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13169423 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Triple-Phase Shift Modulation Scheme of DAB Converter With LCL Resonant Tank
Guo, Z., Li, M., & Han, X. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification · doi:10.1109/tte.2021.3129815 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Hannan, M. A., Ker, P. J., Mansor, M., Lipu, M. S. H., Al-Shetwi, A. Q., Alghamdi, S. M., Begum, R. A., & Kiong, T. S. (2023) · Energy Reports · doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2023.10.051 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Yan, N., Bai, Y., Dong, D., Burgos, R. P., & Ismail, A. (2021) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487457 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationHybrid Modular Multilevel Converters for High-AC/Low-DC Medium-Voltage Applications
Motwani, J. K., Liu, J., Burgos, R. P., Zhou, Z., & Dong, D. (2023) · IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/ojpel.2023.3259741 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationA Rotational Control in Medium-Voltage Modular Solid-State Transformer-Based Converter System
Dong, D., Raju, R., Ganireddy, G., & Agamy, M. S. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/tia.2019.2932958 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationDao, N. D., Nguyen, H. V., & Lee, D. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2022.3152501 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Short-Circuit Failure Model of SiC MOSFET Including the Interface Trapped Charges
Zhou, Y., Liu, H., Mu, S., Chen, Z., & Wang, B. (2019) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2019.2939877 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Xu, Y., Siddique, A., Long, Y., & Xiao, X. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2019.2946463 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Jin, F., Nabih, A., & Li, Q. (2022) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec43599.2022.9773664 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Liu, J., Motwani, J. K., Burgos, R. P., Zhou, Z., & Dong, D. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3283469 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationDC Distribution Converter with Partial Power Processing for LVDC/MVDC Systems
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Yan, N., Bai, Y., Burgos, R. P., & Dong, D. (2021) · IEEE International Conference on DC Microgrids · doi:10.1109/icdcm50975.2021.9504626 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationInsulation Coordination Design for Grid-Connected Solid-State Transformers
Xu, C., Wei, J., Zheng, L., Han, X., Saeedifard, M., Kandula, R. P., Kandasamy, K., Divan, D., & Graber, L. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2021.3125708 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Shang, Q., Xiao, F., Fan, Y., Wang, R., Qin, H., & Song, T. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2024.3390731 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Xu, W., Rajendran, S., Guo, Z., Vctrivelan, A., & Huang, A. Q. (2023) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec43580.2023.10131549 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Chen, R., Li, C., Fang, H., Lu, R., Li, C., Yao, W., Li, W., & He, X. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3319336 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Rajagopal, N., Raju, R., Moaz, T., & DiMarino, C. (2021) · IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS) · doi:10.1109/ests49166.2021.9512358 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
A Simplified Time-Domain Gain Model for CLLC Resonant Converter
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Dong, D., & Burgos, R. P. (2021) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce47101.2021.9596002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationCharacterizations of Partial Discharge in Modern Power Electronics
Guo, Z., & Huang, A. Q. (2024) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2024.3417803 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Naderi, P., Sharouni, S. M., & Heidary, M. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion · doi:10.1109/tec.2020.2994465 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Dong, D., Lin, X., Ravi, L., Yan, N., & Burgos, R. (2020) · 2020 IEEE 9th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC2020-ECCE Asia) · doi:10.1109/ipemc-ecceasia48364.2020.9367948 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationKavousighahfarokhi, A., Hannan, M. A., Abu, S. M., Ker, P. J., Wong, R. T., & Jang, G. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2025.115904 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Novel Single-Stage Bidirectional Isolated DC–AC Converter Based on Inversely Coupled Inductor
Liu, C., Jiang, Y. T., Pei, Z., Shen, M., Cai, G., Song, X., Zhu, D., Wang, J., Li, H., Guo, D., et al. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3130055 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The ZVS Transition Analysis and Optimization for CLLC-Type Resonant DC Transformer
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., Dong, D., & Burgos, R. P. (2021) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce47101.2021.9595451 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationWei, J., Feng, H., & Ran, L. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2022.3199499 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Chen, R., Li, C., Li, C., Fang, H., Lu, R., Yao, W., Li, W., & He, X. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification · doi:10.1109/tte.2023.3265112 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Quasi-Two-Level Bridgeless PFC Rectifier for Cascaded Unidirectional Solid State Transformer
Lu, C., Hu, W., Wu, H., & Lee, F. C. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3071381 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Liu, Y., He, J., Ge, B., Li, X., Xue, Y. S., & Blaabjerg, F. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.2978886 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Wang, C., Yang, H., Hua, H., & Xue, Y. S. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3239941 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Harisyam, P. V., & Basu, K. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2024.3439571 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Li, B., Chen, M., Sun, X., Wang, J., & Jiang, F. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2024.3448375 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
A Compact Auxiliary Power Supply Design for a Medium Frequency Solid State Transformer
Liu, X., Gao, F., Xu, J., Liu, Y., Khan, M. M., Yang, X., Rogers, D. J., & Liu, D. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification · doi:10.1109/tte.2022.3201574 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Lin, X. N., Nam, D., Yan, N., Stewart, J., Mendes, A., Dong, D., Burgos, R. P., & Boroyevich, D. (2023) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec43580.2023.10131556 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationCao, Y., Ngo, K. D. T., & Dong, D. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2024.3392579 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationChandran, D. R., Kumar, S., & Sanath, D. (2025) · Journal of Power and Energy Engineering · doi:10.4236/jpee.2025.136003 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Haritha, G., Sundaramoorthy, K., & Sankar, A. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2019.2963277 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
An Isolated Bi-directional Series Bridge DC Transformer Without Resonant Tank
Cao, Y., Ngo, M., & Dong, D. (2022) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec43599.2022.9773422 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly-Stage design methodology for a multirole electric propelled surface combatant ship
Vicenzutti, A., Trincas, G., Bucci, V., Sulligoi, G., & Lipardi, G. (2019) · IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS) · doi:10.1109/ests.2019.8847793 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Rajagopal, N., DiMarino, C., Burgos, R. P., Moaz, T., Cvetkovic, I., Boroyevich, D., & Mathieu, O. (2021) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce47101.2021.9595520 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Lightning Impulse Protection for Grid-connected Solid-state Transformers
Xu, C., Wei, J. D., Zheng, L., Han, X., Saeedifard, M., Kandula, R. P., Kandasamy, K., Divan, D. M., & Graber, L. (2020) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9235738 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Li, H., Gao, Z., Yang, Z., Nie, C., & Wang, F. (2022) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec43599.2022.9773522 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Lin, X. N., & Dong, D. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3270370 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationDeng, Z., Liu, J., Du, S., Zhang, J., Li, C., Chen, H., & Dang, H. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2024.3424891 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
1:1 Resonant Switched Capacitor with Capacitive-Based Isolation
Serrano, D., & Vasić, M. (2021) · International Symposium on Power Electronics (Ee) · doi:10.1109/ee53374.2021.9628209 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Ngo, K. D. T., & Dong, D. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2024.3400606 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationSmith, C., & Haque, M. E. (2020) · IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS) · doi:10.1109/ias44978.2020.9334924 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Saeed, M., Rogina, M. R., Rodríguez, A., Arias, M., & Briz, F. (2020) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en13051198 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chakraborty, S. S., Bhawal, S., & Hatua, K. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/tia.2022.3222290 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Gou, Y., Yu, K., Wang, F., & Zhuo, F. (2023) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2023.3300077 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Modulation Coordinated Voltage Balance Strategy for a Dual-T-Type Modular Multilevel Converter
Wang, C., Shao-qiang, H., Peng, H., He, L., & Fan, S. (2021) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2021.3106157 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Esenboğa, B., & Demirdelen, T. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15010032 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Multi-Objective Co-Design of an Integrated Power Electronics Building Block
Lawson, M. A., Rajagopal, N., Moaz, T., Mitrovic, V., Dong, D., & DiMarino, C. (2023) · IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS) · doi:10.1109/ests56571.2023.10220555 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign, Analysis, and Implementation of a 500-kVA Hybrid Solid-State Transformer
Rajendran, S., & Huang, A. Q. (2025) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2025.3593320 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Jia, D., & Wang, D. (2024) · Actuators · doi:10.3390/act13100421 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Rahman, S., Imteaj, A., Khan, I., & Amini, M. H. (2020) · Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (ACSSC) · doi:10.1109/ieeeconf51394.2020.9443388 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Medium Voltage Converter Inductor Insulation Design Considering Grid Insulation Requirements
Li, H., Yao, P., Gao, Z., & Wang, F. (2021) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487031 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Liu, J., Motwani, J. K., Zhang, D., & Dong, D. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3337772 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationModular Fault Tolerant DC/DC Transformer Enabled by Natural Power Sharing
López, A., de Oliveira, T. H., Arias, M., Miaja, P. F., Villarejo, J. A., & Fernández, A. (2024) · IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/ojpel.2024.3414141 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Design and Optimization of the High Frequency Transformer for 100kW CLLC Converter
Zhao, Z., Wu, Y., Du, X., & Zhao, Y. (2021) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487200 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Comparison of Three-Level Cell Topology and Control for Solid State Transformer
Lu, C., Hu, W., Zhang, W., & Lee, F. C. (2021) · IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC) · doi:10.1109/cieec50170.2021.9510615 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Efficiency Enhancement of DC Solid-State Transformers by Dynamically Adjusting Active Cells
Weng, H., Jiang, Y., Chen, M., Hu, C., Krein, P. T., & Xu, D. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2023.3311485 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Guo, Z., Cao, B., Chen, C., & Huang, A. Q. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2026.3654531 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Development of a High Power, Medium Frequency Transformer for Medium Voltage Applications
Shafei, A. E., Özdemir, Ş., Altın, N., & Nasiri, A. (2023) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce53617.2023.10362616 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Calibration Technique of AC Voltage of a Resonant Test Device
Хазиева, Р. Т., & Валерьевич, М. А. (2022) · International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM) · doi:10.1109/icieam54945.2022.9787187 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hardware Testing Methodologies for Wide Bandgap High-Power Converters
Chen, Z., Guo, Z., Chen, C., & Huang, A. Q. (2024) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics13193918 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A Medium Voltage Dual Active Bridge Converter based on Gen-3 10 kV SiC MOSFETs
Anurag, A., Kolli, N., Acharya, S., Bhattacharya, S., WEATHERFORD, T. R., & Parker, A. (2020) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9236127 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Medium Voltage AC to Isolated Multiport DC Converter for Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Stations
Harisyam, P. V., Saichand, K., Mazumder, S., Mathapati, S., & Basu, K. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3589389 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Li, Z., Cervone, A., & Dujić, D. (2025) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec48143.2025.10977094 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The DC terminal dynamic model of resonant converter
Jia, Z., Wang, Z., Zhao, X., Jiao, Y., Li, B., & Xu, D. (2023) · International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia) · doi:10.23919/icpe2023-ecceasia54778.2023.10213807 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Protection Schemes of Solid State Transformers for Different Fault Conditions
Lulbadda, K. T., Seram, R. D., Sidhu, T. S., & Williamson, S. S. (2024) · International Conference on Smart Grid and Renewable Energy (SGRE) · doi:10.1109/sgre59715.2024.10428877 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A Novel Linear-Based Closed-Loop Control and Analysis of Solid-State Transformer
Cavdar, M., & Özçıra, S. (2024) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics13163253 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Short-Circuit Performance Analysis of Commercial 1.7 kV SiC MOSFETs Under Varying Electrical Stress
Makhdoom, S., Ren, N., Wang, C., Wu, Y., Xu, H., Wang, J., & Sheng, K. (2025) · Micromachines · doi:10.3390/mi16010102 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A High-Efficiency Low-Wearing Hybrid Voltage Regulator for Utility Applications
Wang, Y., & Zhao, T. (2023) · IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/ojia.2023.3237732 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dynamic Modeling and Model Predictive Control of Hybrid Solid-State Transformers
Ding, L., Du, Y., Lu, X., & Huang, A. Q. (2022) · IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT) · doi:10.1109/isgt50606.2022.9817520 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Behavior of DC Microgrid Connected Solid State Transformer During Internal Short Circuits
Lulbadda, K. T., Seram, R. D., Sidhu, T. S., & Williamson, S. S. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT) · doi:10.1109/icit58233.2024.10540937 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Partial Discharge Characteristics of Polyimide Under the High-Frequency Multilevel Stepped Waveform
Shao, R., Jiang, J., Chen, W., & Shen, Z. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation · doi:10.1109/tdei.2024.3469157 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Yu, J., Sheng, J., Lu, R., Yang, H., Li, C., Duan, J., Wang, C., Luo, C., & Li, W. (2025) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2025.3567072 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Multilevel Switched Capacitor LLC-DCX Converter With Embedded Filter
Okutani, S., Nishiyama, R., Huang, P.-Y., & Kado, Y. (2023) · IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/ojpel.2023.3235195 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
SOLID STATE TRANSFORMER (SST) AND THE CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE GRID
Kadandani, N. B., Hassan, S., & Abubakar, I. (2023) · FUDMA Journal of Sciences · doi:10.33003/fjs-2023-0703-1965 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Switching Cell Design for Medium Voltage Flying Capacitor Converter with 10 kV SiC MOSFET
Chen, R., Li, D., Lin, M., Sager, M. A., Gao, Z., Wang, F., Bai, H. K., & Tolbert, L. M. (2024) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec48139.2024.10509284 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Mustafa, U., Kougioulis, I., Watson, A. J., Wheeler, P. W., & Ahmed, M. R. (2024) · IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo · doi:10.1109/itec60657.2024.10598844 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dong, D., Agamy, M., Bebic, J. Z., Chen, Q., & Mandrusiak, G.
- Affiliations
- General Electric (United States) (US)
- Applied Materials (United States) (US)
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 768-778
- ISSN
- 2168-6777 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-6785
- OpenAlex
- W2912474914
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 5.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.osti.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-EE0007252)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced DC-DC Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Multilevel Inverters and Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
- Keywords
- solid-state transformer, SiC MOSFET, medium-voltage distribution networks, soft switching, AC-AC converter, galvanic isolation, modular converter, wide bandgap devices, system integration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review