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Cited by 233Electric Vehicles and InfrastructureElectric and Hybrid Vehicle TechnologiesWireless Power Transfer Systems

Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration for Electromobility

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Rivera, Sebastian, Goetz, Stefan M., Kouro, Samir, Lehn, Peter W., Pathmanathan, Mehanathan, Bauer, Pavol, Mastromauro, Rosa Anna·2023·Proceedings of the IEEE
DOI 10.1109/jproc.2022.3216362
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Abstract

Electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure will play a critical role in decarbonization during the next decades, energizing a large share of the transportation sector. This will further increase the enabling role of power electronics converters as an energy transition technology in the widespread adoption of clean energy sources and their efficient use. However, this deep transformation comes with challenges, some of which are already unfolding, such as the slow deployment of charging infrastructure and competing charging standards, and others that will have a long-term impact if not addressed timely, such as the reliability of power converters and power system stability due to loss of system inertia, just to name a few. Nevertheless, the inherent transition toward power systems with higher penetration of power electronics and batteries, together with a layer of communications and information technologies, will also bring opportunities for more flexible and intelligent grid integration and services, which could increase the share of renewable energy in the power grid. This work provides an overview of the existing charging infrastructure ecosystem, covering the different charging technologies for different EV classes, their structure, and configurations, including how they can impact the grid in the future.

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  • In typical configurations of DC charging stations up to 350 kW, passive rectifiers are usually used, which limits the possibilities of their use for providing services for managing the operating modes of distribution networks.

    “However, as shown in [11], in typical configurations of DC charging stations up to 350 kW, passive rectifiers are usually used, which limits the possibilities of their use for providing services for managing the operating modes of distribution networks.”

    From Determining Volt/Var Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Inverters for Voltage Regulation in Distribution Networks (2024) · cites this paper as [11]

    The Off-Board DC Chargers section gives a range of 20–350 kW for mid-sized EV chargers, so the power range matches. But the Reactive Power, Power Quality, and Harmonic Compensation section says higher-power chargers have well-controllable grid front ends that can provide grid-support functions, contrary to the claim that they usually use passive rectifiers that limit such services. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  • Equipping EVCSs with an active front end will allow not only to control reactive power, but also to operate in the mode of an energy storage system, frequency control, harmonics filtering, and load balancing.

    “Equipping EVCSs with an active front end will allow not only to control reactive power, but also to operate in the mode of an energy storage system, frequency control, harmonics filtering, and load balancing [11].”

    From Determining Volt/Var Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Inverters for Voltage Regulation in Distribution Networks (2024) · cites this paper as [11]

    The sections on reactive power and harmonic compensation, virtual inertia, and flexible grid assets describe charger control of reactive power, harmonic compensation, and frequency response. The EV-Based Grid Energy Storage section describes storage and load balancing through EV batteries or integrated stationary storage; it does not say that adding an active front end alone enables those functions. The copy provides section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rivera, S., Goetz, S. M., Kouro, S., Lehn, P. W., Pathmanathan, M., Bauer, P., & Mastromauro, R. A.
Affiliations
  • Universidad de Los Andes, Chile (CL)
  • Duke University (US)
  • Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (CL)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Delft University of Technology (NL)
  • University of Florence (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the IEEE
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2023-04
Volume
111
Issue
4
Pages
371-396
ISSN
  • 0018-9219 (ISSN-L)
  • 1558-2256
DOI
10.1109/jproc.2022.3216362
OpenAlex
W4312555543
Cited by
233
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 48 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 2
FWCI
12.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Proceedings of the IEEE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Research Repository (Delft University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID): FONDECYT (1220346)
  • REDES-PCI (170213, 190108)
  • Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ANID/Basal/FB0008)
  • Solar Energy Research Center (SERC) Chile (ANID/FONDAP/15110019, ANID/EQM/180215)
  • Universidad de los Andes through the program Fondo de Apoyo a la Investigación
  • Duke Energy Initiative
  • Isaac Newton Trust of Trinity College Cambridge
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wireless Power Transfer Systems
Keywords
electric vehicle charging infrastructure, grid integration, electric mobility, power converters, charging standards, converter reliability, power system stability, renewable energy integration, smart grid services, transport decarbonization

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