The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
VEP-based brain-computer interfaces: time, frequency, and code modulations [Research Frontier
Abstract
A brain computer interface (BCI) translates human intentions into control signals to establish a direct communication channel between the human brain and external devices. Because a BCI does not depend on the brain's normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles, it can provide a new communication channel to people with severe motor disabilities. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded from the surface of the scalp are widely used in current BCIs for their non-invasive nature and easy applications. Among EEG based BCIs, systems based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have received widespread attention in recent decades. We described the three stimulus modulation approaches used in current VEP based BCIs: time modulation (t-VEP), frequency modulation (f-VEP), and pseudorandom code modulation (c-VEP). We then carried out a detailed comparison of system performance between an f-VEP BCI and a c-VEP BCI. The results show that an f-VEP BCI has the advantage of little or no training and simple system configuration, while the c-VEP based BCI has a higher communication speed. The stimulus modulation design is the crux of VEP based BCI systems.
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Self-citationA practical VEP-based brain-computer interface
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Self-citationControl of an Electrical Prosthesis With an SSVEP-Based BCI
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Brain Computer Interfaces, a Review
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Steady-state visually evoked potentials: Focus on essential paradigms and future perspectives
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Visual and Auditory Brain–Computer Interfaces
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Self-citationBrain–Computer Interface Spellers: A Review
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bin, G., Gao, X., Wang, Y., Hong, B., & Gao, S.
- Venue
- IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 22-26
- ISSN
- 1556-603X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2121483555
- Cited by
- 256
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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