5G Radio Network Design for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication
Abstract
5G is currently being standardized and addresses, among other things, new URLLC services. These are characterized by the need to support reliable communication, where successful data transmission can be guaranteed within low latency bounds, like 1 ms, at a low failure rate. This article describes the functionality of both the NR and LTE radio interfaces to provide URLLC services. Achievable latency bounds are evaluated, and the expected spectral efficiency is demonstrated. It is shown that both NR and LTE can fulfill the ITU 5G requirements on URLLC; however, this comes at the cost of reduced spectral efficiency compared to mobile broadband services without latency or reliability constraints. Still, the impact on the overall network performance is expected to be moderate.
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The network domain can be either a shared wireless network, shared wired network, dedicated wireless network, or dedicated wired network.
“The network domain can be either a shared wireless network (e.g., 5G radio access and core network), shared wired network (e.g., Internet core network), dedicated wireless network (e.g., point-to-point microwave or millimeter wave link), or dedicated wired network (e.g., point-to-point leased line or fiber optic link) [2], [45], [46].”
From The IEEE 1918.1 “Tactile Internet” Standards Working Group and its Standards (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
URLLC should be capable of successfully transmitting messages over radio interface within 1 ms with a 99.999% success probability and should be capable to achieve a latency of 0.5 ms on average for multiple transmissions.
“URLLC should be capable of successfully transmitting messages over radio interface within 1 ms with a 99 . 999 %success probability and should be capable to achieve a latency of 0 . 5 ms on average for multiple transmissions [1].”
From Performance Evaluation of Closed-loop Industrial Applications Over Imperfect Networks (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
Cites
Schulz, P., Matthé, M., Klessig, H., Simsek, M., Fettweis, G. P., Ansari, J., Ashraf, S. A., Almeroth, B., Voigt, J., Riedel, I., et al. (2017) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2017.1600435cm · Cited by 816 · see citing works
Simsek, M., Aijaz, A., Dohler, M., Sachs, J., & Fettweis, G. (2016) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2016.2525398 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
Self-citation5G wireless access: requirements and realization
Dahlman, E., Mildh, G., Parkvall, S., Peisa, J., Sachs, J., Selén, Y., & Sköld, J. (2014) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2014.6979985 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Self-citationBusiness Case and Technology Analysis for 5G Low Latency Applications
Lema, M. A., Laya, A., Mahmoodi, T., Cuevas, M., Sachs, J., Markendahl, J. I., & Döhler, M. (2017) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2017.2685687 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationRadio access for ultra-reliable and low-latency 5G communications
Johansson, N. A., Wang, Y.-P. E., Eriksson, E., & Hessler, M. (2015) · IEEE International Conference on Communications workshops · doi:10.1109/iccw.2015.7247338 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Numerology and frame structure for 5G radio access
Vihriälä, J., Zaidi, A. A., Venkatasubramanian, V., et al. (2016) · IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC) · doi:10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794610 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Sachs, J., Popovski, P., Höglund, A., et al. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316417744.005 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationLTE evolution — Latency reduction and reliability enhancements for wireless industrial automation
Aktaş, I., Jafari, M. H., Ansari, J., et al. (2017) · IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC) · doi:10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292603 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
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Sutton, G. J., Zeng, J., Liu, R. P., Ni, W., Nguyen, D. N., Jayawickrama, B. A., Huang, X., Abolhasan, M., Zhang, Z., Dutkiewicz, E., et al. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2897800 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
The IEEE 1918.1 “Tactile Internet” Standards Working Group and its Standards
Holland, O., Steinbach, E., Prasad, R. V., Liu, Q., Dawy, Z., Aijaz, A., Pappas, N., Chandra, K., Rao, V. S., Oteafy, S., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2018.2885541 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
“To address URLLC services, 3GPP has specified several features for the 5G New Radio (NR) radio interface, which can be grouped into latency-reducing features and reliability-enhancing features [12].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPerformance Evaluation of Closed-loop Industrial Applications Over Imperfect Networks
Rácz, S., Szabó, G., & Pető, J. (2019) · Infocommunications Journal · doi:10.36244/icj.2019.2.4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sachs, J., Wikstrom, G., Dudda, T., Baldemair, R., & Kittichokechai, K.
- Venue
- IEEE Network
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 24-31
- ISSN
- 0890-8044 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2796072484
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 14
- FWCI
- 17.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Network (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › IoT Networks and Protocols
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Wireless Network Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies
- Keywords
- 5G, ultra-reliable low-latency communication, radio network design, New Radio, LTE, latency bounds, spectral efficiency, reliability, mobile broadband
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