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Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review

Open access
Rosso, Roberto, Wang, Xiongfei, Liserre, Marco, Lu, Xiaonan, Engelken, Soenke·2021·IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications

Abstract

In the last decade, the concept of grid-forming (GFM) converters has been introduced for microgrids and islanded power systems. Recently, the concept has been proposed for use in wider interconnected transmission networks, and several control structures have thus been developed, giving rise to discussions about the expected behaviour of such converters. In this paper, an overview of control schemes for GFM converters is provided. By identifying the main subsystems in respect to their functionalities, a generalized control structure is derived and different solutions for each of the main subsystems composing the controller are analyzed and compared. Subsequently, several selected open issues and challenges regarding GFM converters, i. e. angle stability, fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities, and transition from islanded to grid connected mode are discussed. Perspectives on challenges and future trends are lastly shared.

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Metadata

Authors
Rosso, R., Wang, X., Liserre, M., Lu, X., & Engelken, S.
Venue
IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications
Published
2021
Volume
2
Pages
93-109
ISSN
2644-1241 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3154122279
Cited by
1,187
References
2
FWCI
70.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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Rosso, R., Wang, X., Liserre, M., Lu, X., & Engelken, S. (2021). Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review. IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications. https://doi.org/10.1109/ojia.2021.3074028

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