The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Wireless Communications: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities
Open accessAbstract
Recently there has been a flurry of research on the use of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in wireless networks to create smart radio environments. In a smart radio environment, surfaces are capable of manipulating the propagation of incident electromagnetic waves in a programmable manner to actively alter the channel realization, which turns the wireless channel into a controllable system block that can be optimized to improve overall system performance. In this article, we provide a tutorial overview of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) for wireless communications. We describe the working principles of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and elaborate on different candidate implementations using metasurfaces and reflectarrays. We discuss the channel models suitable for both implementations and examine the feasibility of obtaining accurate channel estimates. Furthermore, we discuss the aspects that differentiate RIS optimization from precoding for traditional MIMO arrays highlighting both the arising challenges and the potential opportunities associated with this emerging technology. Finally, we present numerical results to illustrate the power of an RIS in shaping the key properties of a MIMO channel.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Rappaport, T. S. (1996) · Cited by 17,370
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced Wireless Network via Joint Active and Passive Beamforming
Wu, Q., & Zhang, R. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2936025 · Cited by 4,566
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Energy Efficiency in Wireless Communication
Huang, C., Zappone, A., Alexandropoulos, G. C., Debbah, M., & Yuen, C. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2922609 · Cited by 3,761
Spatially Sparse Precoding in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems
Ayach, O. E., Rajagopal, S., Abu-Surra, S., Pi, Z., & Heath, R. W. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2014.011714.130846 · Cited by 3,557
Wireless Communications Through Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
Basar, E., Di Renzo, M., De Rosny, J., Debbah, M., Alouini, M.-S., & Zhang, R. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2935192 · Cited by 3,394
An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems
Heath, R. W., Gonzalez-Prelcic, N., Rangan, S., Roh, W., & Sayeed, A. M. (2016) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/jstsp.2016.2523924 · Cited by 2,899
A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications
Chen, H.-T., Taylor, A. J., & Yu, N. (2016) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/79/7/076401 · Cited by 2,551
Millimeter Wave Channel Modeling and Cellular Capacity Evaluation
Akdeniz, M. R., Liu, Y., Samimi, M. K., Sun, S., Rangan, S., Rappaport, T. S., & Erkip, E. (2014) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2014.2328154 · Cited by 2,476
Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come
Renzo, M. D., Debbah, M., Phan-Huy, D.-T., Zappone, A., Alouini, M.-S., Yuen, C., Sciancalepore, V., Alexandropoulos, G. C., Hoydis, J., Gacanin, H., et al. (2019) · EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking · doi:10.1186/s13638-019-1438-9 · Cited by 1,717
Tang, W., Chen, M. Z., Chen, X., Dai, J. Y., Han, Y., Di Renzo, M., Zeng, Y., Jin, S., Cheng, Q., & Cui, T. J. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3024887 · Cited by 1,606
Cited by
Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Wireless Communications
Long, R., Liang, Y.-C., Pei, Y., & Larsson, E. G. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3064024 · Cited by 718
Zheng, B., You, C., Mei, W., & Zhang, R. (2022) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2022.3155305 · Cited by 579
Imoize, A. L., Adedeji, O., Tandiya, N., & Shetty, S. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21051709 · Cited by 281
Zhang, H., Zeng, S., Di, B., Tan, Y., Di Renzo, M., Debbah, M., Han, Z., Poor, H. V., & Song, L. (2022) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.201097 · Cited by 218
Self-citationIntelligent Omni-Surfaces: Ubiquitous Wireless Transmission by Reflective-Refractive Metasurfaces
Zhang, S., Zhang, H., Di, B., Tan, Y., Di Renzo, M., Han, Z., Vincent Poor, H., & Song, L. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3094869 · Cited by 196
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- ElMossallamy, M. A., Zhang, H., Song, L., Seddik, K. G., Han, Z., & Li, G. Y.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 990-1002
- ISSN
- 2332-7731 (ISSN-L)
- 2372-2045
- OpenAlex
- W3021099104
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 59
- FWCI
- 37.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Wireless Communications: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tccn.2020.2992604
- The paper
- ElMossallamy, M. A., Zhang, H., Song, L., Seddik, K. G., Han, Z., & Li, G. Y. (2020). Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Wireless Communications: Principles, Challenges, and Opportunities. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking. https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2020.2992604
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.