The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Immersive Virtual Reality Attacks and the Human Joystick
Abstract
This is one of the first accounts for the security analysis of consumer immersive Virtual Reality (VR) systems. This work breaks new ground, coins new terms, and constructs proof of concept implementations of attacks related to immersive VR. Our work used the two most widely adopted immersive VR systems, the HTC Vive, and the Oculus Rift. More specifically, we were able to create attacks that can potentially disorient users, turn their Head Mounted Display (HMD) camera on without their knowledge, overlay images in their field of vision, and modify VR environmental factors that force them into hitting physical objects and walls. Finally, we illustrate through a human participant deception study the success of being able to exploit VR systems to control immersed users and move them to a location in physical space without their knowledge. We term this the Human Joystick Attack. We conclude our work with future research directions and ways to enhance the security of these systems.
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“Researchers found that by exploiting VR systems, it is possible to control the activities of immersed users and physically move them to a location without their knowledge (Casey et al., 2021).”
From Metaverse beyond the hype: Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy (2022) · cites this paper as Casey et al., 2021
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Baabdullah, A. M., Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Giannakis, M., Al-Debei, M. M., Dennehy, D., Metri, B., Buhalis, D., Cheung, C. M. K., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102542 · Cited by 2,753
A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy
Wang, Y., Su, Z., Zhang, N., Xing, R., Liu, D., Luan, T. H., & Shen, X. (2022) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2022.3202047 · Cited by 1,655
Will Metaverse Be NextG Internet? Vision, Hype, and Reality
Cheng, R., Wu, N., Chen, S., & Han, B. (2022) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.117.2200055 · Cited by 280
“Similar to online social networks, in the Metaverse, there will be security and privacy issues, such as attacks on user authentication and impersonation [9].”
Jagatheesaperumal, S. K., Ahmad, K., Al‐Fuqaha, A., & Qadir, J. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2024.3358859 · Cited by 229
Embracing falsity through the metaverse: The case of synthetic customer experiences
Golf-Papez, M., Heller, J., Hilken, T., Chylinski, M., de Ruyter, K., Keeling, D. I., & Mahr, D. (2022) · Business Horizons · doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2022.07.007 · Cited by 205
Metadata
- Authors
- Casey, P., Baggili, I., & Yarramreddy, A.
- Affiliations
- University of New Haven (US)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
- Published
- 2021-03-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 550-562
- ISSN
- 1545-5971 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0018
- 2160-9209
- OpenAlex
- W2933955319
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 3.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - New Heaven (University of New Haven) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1748950)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Security and Verification in Computing
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Information and Cyber Security
- Keywords
- head-mounted displays, HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, user disorientation
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