The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Paradox of Richness: A Cognitive Model of Media Choice
Open accessAbstract
Researchers have long studied the effects of social presence and media richness on media choice and the effects of media use. This focus on social presence and social psychological theories has led to valuable research on communication. However, little research (either empirical or theoretical) has been done to understand the ways in which media choices influence the cognitive processes that underlie communication. In this paper, we present a cognitive-based view of media choice and media use, based on dual process theories of cognition, which argue that in order for individuals to systematically process messages, they must be motivated to process the message and have the ability to process it. We argue that the use of rich media high in social presence induces increased motivation but decreases the ability to process information, while the use of lean media low in social presence induces decreased motivation but increases the ability to process information. The paradox of richness lies in its duality of impact: from a cognitive perspective, rich media high in social presence simultaneously acts to both improve and impair performance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1956) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0043158 · Cited by 17,812
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1994) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.2.343 · Cited by 17,161
Organizational Information Requirements, Media Richness and Structural Design
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.32.5.554 · Cited by 9,868
The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60214-2 · Cited by 8,822
(1999) · Cited by 6,104
Chaiken, S. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.39.5.752 · Cited by 5,516
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4964-1 · Cited by 5,219
Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change
Marquart, F., & Naderer, B. (2016) · Schlüsselwerke der Medienwirkungsforschung · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-09923-7_20 · Cited by 4,993
Groupware: some issues and experiences
Ellis, C. A., Gibbs, S. J., & Rein, G. (1991) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/99977.99987 · Cited by 2,767
Message Equivocality, Media Selection, and Manager Performance: Implications for Information Systems
Daft, R. L., Lengel, R. H., & Trevino, L. K. (1987) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/248682 · Cited by 2,322
Cited by
Media, Tasks, and Communication Processes: A Theory of Media Synchronicity1
Dennis, A. R., Fuller, R. M., & Valacich, J. S. (2008) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/25148857 · Cited by 1,511
Self-citationE‐mail interviewing in qualitative research: A methodological discussion
Meho, L. I. (2006) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.20416 · Cited by 745
Predicting collaboration technology use: integrating technology adoption and collaboration research
Brown, S. A., Dennis, A. R., & Venkatesh, V. (2010) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222270201 · Cited by 592
Self-citationIndividual Swift Trust and Knowledge-Based Trust in Face-to-Face and Virtual Team Members
Robert, L. P., Denis, A. R., & Hung, Y.-T. C. (2009) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222260210 · Cited by 514
Self-citationPodcasting: A new technological tool to facilitate good practice in higher education
Fernandez, V., Simo, P., & Sallan, J. M. (2009) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.02.014 · Cited by 300
Metadata
- Authors
- Robert, L., & Dennis, A. R.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10-21
- ISSN
- 0361-1434 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2168791321
- Cited by
- 313
- References
- 65
- FWCI
- 347.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Paradox of Richness: A Cognitive Model of Media Choice. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tpc.2004.843292
- The paper
- Robert, L., & Dennis, A. R. (2005). Paradox of Richness: A Cognitive Model of Media Choice. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2004.843292
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
