Control and Experiment of Pulsewidth-Modulated Modular Multilevel Converters
Abstract
A modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the next-generation multilevel converters intended for high- or medium-voltage power conversion without transformers. The MMC is based on cascade connection of multiple bidirectional chopper-cells per leg, thus requiring voltage-balancing control of the multiple floating DC capacitors. However, no paper has made an explicit discussion on voltage-balancing control with theoretical and experimental verifications. This paper deals with two types of pulsewidth-modulated modular multilevel converters (PWM- MMCs) with focus on their circuit configurations and voltage-balancing control. Combination of averaging and balancing controls enables the PWM-MMCs to achieve voltage balancing without any external circuit. The viability of the PWM-MMCs, as well as the effectiveness of the voltage-balancing control, is confirmed by simulation and experiment.
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A control structure using three stages: an internal capacitor voltage balance, a current control stage, and a voltage or energy control stage has commonly been employed.
“Since then, a control structure using three stages: an internal capacitor voltage balance, a current control stage, and a voltage, or energy, control stage, as shown in Fig. 4, has commonly been employed [57], [58].”
From Modular Multilevel Converters: Recent Achievements and Challenges (2021) · cites this paper as [57]
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“4, has commonly been employed [57], [58].”
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Self-citationA modulation reconfiguration based fault-tolerant control scheme for modular multilevel converters
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- Authors
- Hagiwara, M., & Akagi, H.
- Affiliations
- Tokyo Institute of Technology (JP)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1737-1746
- ISSN
- 0885-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165542296
- Cited by
- 1,565
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 147 · 2018: 151 · 2017: 158 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 152 · 2014: 145 · 2013: 106 · 2012: 72
- FWCI
- 42.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Multilevel Inverters and Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced DC-DC Converters
- Keywords
- modular multilevel converter, pulse width modulation, voltage balancing control, balancing control, high-voltage power conversion
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