Multilevel Converters: Control and Modulation Techniques for Their Operation and Industrial Applications
Abstract
In the last decades, multilevel converters have been developed usually for medium-voltage high-power applications. They have become a mature solution for the increasing power demand of multiple applications such as renewable energy systems, power quality improvement, and motor drives. In this paper, the operation of multilevel converters is addressed focusing on control and modulation techniques for different well-known applications. The new developments are presented as an extension of conventional methods for two-level voltage-source converters which are still the mainstream solution for most cases.
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In the past decades, many conventional two-level voltage source inverters have been replaced by multilevel counterparts in medium to high-voltage applications to gain lower current and voltage THD, lower EMI and common-mode voltage, higher efficiency, and lower voltage stress on devices.
“In the past decades, many conventional two-level voltage source inverters are replaced by their multilevel counterparts, mostly in medium to high-voltage applications in order to gain lower current and voltage THD, lower EMI and commonmode voltage, higher efficiency, and lower voltage stress on devices [48], [49].”
From A Review of Multilevel Inverter Topologies in Electric Vehicles: Current Status and Future Trends (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
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Pulikanti, S. R., Konstantinou, G. S., & Agelidis, V. G. (2012) · IET Power Electronics · doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2010.0373 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Medium-Voltage Power Converter Interface for Multigenerator Marine Energy Conversion Systems
Müller, N., Kouro, S., Malinowski, M., Rojas, C. A., Jasiński, M., & Estay, G. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2615276 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Rakesh, P., & Narayanan, G. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2643620 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Advanced control of a multilevel cascaded H-bridge converter for PV applications
Marquez, A., Leon, J. I., Vázquez, S., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society · doi:10.1109/iecon.2014.7049188 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationVoltage balancing in three-level neutral-point-clamped converters via Luenberger observer
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MURRAYLINK, THE LONGEST UNDERGROUND HVDC CABLE IN THE WORLD
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Control of a three level converter used as a synchronous rectifier
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Accurate voltage ripple estimation and decoupled current control for Modular Multilevel Converters
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Novel individual voltage balancing control scheme for multilevel cascade active‐front‐end rectifier
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Second Order Sliding Mode control for three-level NPC converters via extended state observer
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A distributed control method for power module voltage balancing of modular multilevel converters
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FPGA implementation of slave communication controller for Modular Multilevel Converter
Toh, C. L., & Norum, L. E. (2015) · IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion · doi:10.1109/cencon.2015.7409593 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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A Review of Multilevel Inverter Topologies in Electric Vehicles: Current Status and Future Trends
Poorfakhraei, A., Narimani, M., & Emadi, A. (2021) · IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/ojpel.2021.3063550 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
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“8, which has the possibility of fault-tolerance implementation, multilevel operation, reduced rate of change of voltage, and filter size [64]–[66].”
BackgroundA Review of Modulation and Control Techniques for Multilevel Inverters in Traction Applications
Poorfakhraei, A., Narimani, M., & Emadi, A. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3056612 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Rana, R. A., Patel, S. A., Muthusamy, A., Lee, C. W., & Kim, H.-J. (2019) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics8111329 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leon, J. I., Vazquez, S., & Franquelo, L. G.
- Affiliations
- Harbin Institute of Technology (CN)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the IEEE
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2066-2081
- ISSN
- 0018-9219 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-2256
- OpenAlex
- W2746847331
- Cited by
- 481
- References
- 124
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 42
- FWCI
- 18.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Proceedings of the IEEE (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) (#[X-033-2-007])
- Andalusian Science and Innovation (P11-TIC-7070)
- Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (TEC2016-78430-R)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Multilevel Inverters and Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Sensorless Control of Electric Motors
- Keywords
- multilevel converters, converter control, modulation schemes, voltage source converter, renewable energy systems, power quality improvement, motor drives
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