The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Analysis of D-Q Small-Signal Impedance of Grid-Tied Inverters
Abstract
This paper analyzes the small-signal impedance of three-phase grid-tied inverters with feedback control and phase-locked loop (PLL) in the synchronous reference (d-q) frame. The result unveils an interesting and important feature of three-phase grid-tied inverters - namely, that its q-q channel impedance behaves as a negative incremental resistor. Moreover, this paper shows that this behavior is a consequence of grid synchronization, where the bandwidth of the PLL determines the frequency range of the resistor behavior, and the power rating of the inverter determines the magnitude of the resistor. Advanced PLL, current, and power control strategies do not change this feature. An example shows that under weak grid conditions, a change of the PLL bandwidth could lead the inverter system to unstable conditions as a result of this behavior. Harmonic resonance and instability issues can be analyzed using the proposed impedance model. Simulation and experimental measurements verify the analysis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Subsynchronous Interaction Between Direct-Drive PMSG Based Wind Farms and Weak AC Networks
Liu, H., Xie, X., He, J., Xu, T., Yu, Z., Wang, C., & Zhang, C. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2682197 · Cited by 623
Impedance-Based Analysis of Grid-Synchronization Stability for Three-Phase Paralleled Converters
Wen, B., Dong, D., Boroyevich, D., Burgos, R., Mattavelli, P., & Shen, Z. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2015.2419712 · Cited by 586
Self-citationWang, L., Qin, Z., Slangen, T., Bauer, P., & van Wijk, T. (2021) · IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/ojpel.2021.3054601 · Cited by 417
Frequency Domain Stability Analysis of MMC-Based HVdc for Wind Farm Integration
Lyu, J., Cai, X., & Molinas, M. (2016) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2015.2498182 · Cited by 267
Robust Stability Analysis of Synchronverters Operating in Parallel
Rosso, R., Engelken, S., & Liserre, M. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2019.2896707 · Cited by 117
Metadata
- Authors
- Wen, B., Boroyevich, D., Burgos, R., Mattavelli, P., & Shen, Z.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 675-687
- ISSN
- 0885-8993 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0107
- OpenAlex
- W1974967408
- Cited by
- 1,334
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 61.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Analysis of D-Q Small-Signal Impedance of Grid-Tied Inverters. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tpel.2015.2398192
- The paper
- Wen, B., Boroyevich, D., Burgos, R., Mattavelli, P., & Shen, Z. (2016). Analysis of D-Q Small-Signal Impedance of Grid-Tied Inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2015.2398192
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
