Simulation of an electric vehicle to study the impact of cabin heating on the driving range

An EMR-based model describing the interaction between the cabin and ambient air has been developed and validated.

“Moreover, an EMR-based model describing the interaction between the cabin and ambient air has also been developed and validated in [40].”

The slightly lower proportion of heating energy in our results compared to Iora et al. [11], Ramsey et al. [14], and Michaelides [20] is due to all of them using standardized, less dynamic driving cycles or even constant speeds for their simulations.

“The slightly lower proportion of heating energy in our results compared to Iora et al. [11], Ramsey et al. [14], and Michaelides [20] is due to all of them using standardized, less dynamic driving cycles or even constant speeds for their simulations.”

Ramsey et al. found that heating requirements can cut a passenger car's range by up to 40% in simulation.

“Ramsey et al. [14] also investigated the impact of heating on a BEV's range on the basis of a simulation and found that heating requirements can cut a passenger car's range by up to 40%.”

The two main factors influencing BEV range at low temperatures are heating energy requirements and the temperature sensitivity of Li-ion battery cells.

“The two main factors influencing the range of BEVs at low temperatures are the heating energy requirements [11,13,14] and the temperature sensitivity of the Li-ion battery cells [15], which are used primarily in modern BEVs for energy storage.”

These findings are in the same range as the simulated results by Horrein et al. [13], Ramsey et al. [14], Iora et al. [11], and Michaelides [20].

“These findings are in the same range as the simulated results by Horrein et al. [13], Ramsey et al. [14], Iora et al. [11], and Michaelides [20].”