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Cited by 176Stress and Burnout ResearchOccupational Health and BurnoutHealthcare professionals’ stress and burnout

Reactions to increased workload: Effects on professional efficacy of nurses

Greenglass, Esther R., Burke, Ronald J., Moore, Kathleen A.·2003·Applied Psychology
DOI 10.1111/1464-0597.00152
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Abstract

Les résultats de recherches empiriques impliquant plusiers échantillons de travailleurs différents supportent l’idée que la charge de travail est un stresseur significatif associéà une variété de réactions psychologiques nuisibles, incluant l’épuisement professionnel. La présente étude propose un modèle théorique dans lequel la charge de travail contribue à la détresse et à la dépression. De plus en plus, les organisations vivent des changements en conséquence à des restructurations majeures. Par exemple, face aux restrictions budgétaires, les hôpitaux ont été forcés à la restructuration, aux fusions, à la compression d’effectifs, voire même à la fermeture. La charge de travail des employés, et plus particulièrement des infirmières, a augmenté. Cette étude applique un modèle théorique pour mieux comprendre l’impact de la charge de travail sur les infirmières—et plus particulièrement sur leur détresse, épuisement professionnel, et dépression—à l’emploi d’hôpitaux subissant des compressions d’effectifs. Les participants ( n = 488) sont des infirmières à l’emploi d’hôpitaux ayant vécu des restructurations dans lesquels des unités ont déjàété fermées en conséquence à ces restructurations. Les résultats d’analyses d’équations structurelles montrent que les données correspondent partiellement au modèle et que la charge de travail a contribué de façon substantielle aux niveaux de dépression via les réactions de détresse. D’autres résultats ont démontré que le cynisme, la colère, et l’épuisement émotionnel ont significativement opérationnalisé les réactions de détresse. En liant la colére, le cynisme et l’épuisement émotionnel dans un seul modèle prédisant les niveaux de détresse dus à la charge de travail, cette étude est unique d’un point de vue théorique. Les résultats indiquant que la colère, le cynisme, et l’épuisement émotionnel ont opérationnalisé la détresse dénotent l’importance d’étudier les modèles de réactions négatives et leurs conséquences sur la dépression. Les implications des résultats sont discutées en regard d’interventions pouvant être utilisées par les organisations pour réduire les charges de travail. Research findings support the idea that workload is a significant stressor associated with a variety of deleterious psychological reactions, including burnout, in several different samples of workers. A theoretical model is put forth in the present study in which workload is seen as contributing to distress and depression. Increasingly, organisations are experiencing changes as a result of extensive downsizing, restructuring, and merging. As a result of fiscal restraint, hospitals have been forced to merge, close, downsize, and restructure. Workloads have increased among hospital staff, particularly nurses. This study applies a theoretical model to the understanding of the impact of workload on nurses employed in hospitals experiencing downsizing, particularly on their distress, burnout, and depression. Respondents were 488 nurses who were employed in hospitals that were undergoing restructuring and in which units had already been closed as a result of restructuring. Results of structural equation modeling showed that the data partially fit the model and that workload contributed substantially to levels of depression through distress reactions. Further results showed that cynicism, anger, and emotional exhaustion significantly operationalised distress reactions. This study is unique theoretically in linking anger, cynicism, and emotional exhaustion in a single model that predicts distress levels from workload. The findings that anger, cynicism, and emotional exhaustion operationalised distress indicate the importance of studying patterns of negative reactions and their consequences for depression. Implications of the results are discussed for interventions that can be taken by organisations in order to reduce workloads.

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Authors
Greenglass, E. R., Burke, R. J., & Moore, K. A.
Affiliations
York University (CA)
Corresponding author
Greenglass, Esther R.
ORCID
Greenglass, Esther R.
Venue
Applied Psychology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2003-08-18
Volume
52
Issue
4
Pages
580-597
ISSN
  • 0269-994X (ISSN-L)
  • 1464-0597
DOI
10.1111/1464-0597.00152
OpenAlex
W2052898791
Cited by
176
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI
3.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Keywords
workload, nurses, occupational stress, professional burnout, depression, distress, cynicism, anger, emotional exhaustion, organizational restructuring, workplace interventions, professional efficacy, budget cuts, burnout prevention programs, burnout prevention training

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