CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 286Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchFace Recognition and PerceptionChild and Animal Learning Development

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Gaze behavior of children with pervasive developmental disorder toward human faces: a fixation time study

Van Der Geest, J.N., Kemner, C., Verbaten, M.N., Van Engeland, H.·2002·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
DOI 10.1111/1469-7610.00055
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The abnormal gaze behavior of autistic children toward human faces, as observed in daily-life situations, are investigated in two fixation time studies. It has been argued that faces are a special kind of stimuli for normal individuals and that this might not be the case for autistic children. METHODS: A group of high-functioning autistic children (including a group of sub-threshold PDD-NOS children) was compared with a group of normal children, with respect to their fixation behavior for photographs of human faces. Using an infrared eye-tracking device, fixation times for the whole face and for the facial elements of faces were compared between the two groups. The first study dealt with faces having an emotional expression. The second study dealt with neutral faces presented either upright or upside-down. RESULTS: Results of the two studies showed that autistic children have the same fixation behavior as normal children for upright faces, with or without an emotional expression. Furthermore, results of the second study showed that normal children spent less time looking at upside-down faces, but that the fixation times of autistic children were not influenced by the orientation of the faces. CONCLUSIONS: These results plead against the notion that the abnormal gaze behavior in everyday life is due to the presence of facial stimuli per se. Furthermore, the absence of a face orientation effect in autistic children might be a reflection of a lack of holistic processing of human faces in autism.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/1469-7610.00055

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 30 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. American Psychiatric Association(1994).Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM‐IV). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–284 of 284

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Van Der Geest, J. N., Kemner, C., Verbaten, M. N., & Van Engeland, H.
Affiliations
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
  • Utrecht University (NL)
Venue
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2002-05-28
Volume
43
Issue
5
Pages
669-678
ISSN
  • 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7610
DOI
10.1111/1469-7610.00055
OpenAlex
W2049200003
Cited by
286
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 16
FWCI
3.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, gaze behavior, fixation duration, face processing, facial expressions, face orientation, holistic face processing, eye tracking
MeSH terms
Attention, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Emotions, Eye Movements, Facial Expression, Female, Fixation, Ocular, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reference Values

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review