Cited by 42Coffee research and impactsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesAlcohol Consumption and Health Effects

Desire to drink alcohol is enhanced with high caffeine energy drink mixers

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Marczinski, Cecile A., Fillmore, Mark T., Stamates, Amy L., Maloney, Sarah F.·2016·Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

Abstract

Background: Consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (Am ED) has been associated with a variety of risks beyond that observed with alcohol alone. Consumers of Am ED beverages are more likely to engage in heavy episodic (binge) drinking. This study was to investigate whether the consumption of high caffeine energy drink mixers with alcohol would increase the desire to drink alcohol compared to the same amount of alcohol alone using a double‐blind, within‐subjects, placebo‐controlled study design. Methods: Participants (n = 26) of equal gender who were social drinkers attended 6 double‐blind dose administration sessions that involved consumption of alcohol and energy drinks, alone and in combination. On each test day, participants received 1 of 6 possible doses: (i) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, (ii) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg energy drink, (iii) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 6.05 ml/kg energy drink, (iv) 3.63 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, (v) 3.63 ml/kg energy drink, and (vi) 6.05 ml/kg energy drink. Following dose administration, participants repeatedly completed self‐reported ratings on the Desire‐for‐Drug questionnaire and provided breath alcohol readings. Results: Alcohol alone increased the subjective ratings of “desire for more alcohol” compared to placebo doses. Energy drink mixers with the alcohol increased desire for more alcohol ratings beyond that observed with alcohol alone. Conclusions: This study provides laboratory evidence that Am ED beverages lead to greater desire to drink alcohol versus the same amount of alcohol consumed alone. The findings are consistent with results from animal studies indicating that caffeine increases the rewarding and reinforcing properties of alcohol.

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  1. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality 2013 1 10 The DAWN Report: Update on Emergency Department Visits Involving Energy Drinks: A Continuing Public Health Concern Rockville, MD Available at http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2k13/DAWN126/sr126-energy-drinks-use.pdf 27606410

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Authors
Marczinski, C. A., Fillmore, M. T., Stamates, A. L., & Maloney, S. F.
Affiliations
  • Department of Psychological Science Northern Kentucky University Highland Heights Kentucky
  • University of Kentucky (US)
  • Northern Kentucky University (US)
Venue
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2016-07-15
Volume
40
Issue
9
Pages
1982-1990
ISSN
  • 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-0277
OpenAlex
W2461186171
Cited by
42
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
FWCI
5.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (AA019795, GM103436)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Keywords
energy drinks, caffeine, binge drinking, alcohol reinforcement, alcohol reward, vodka, alcohol consumption
MeSH terms
Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholic Beverages, Caffeine, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Energy Drinks, Craving

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