Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia – an observational study
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Some pregnant women develop significant proteinuria in the absence of hypertension. However, clinical significance of isolated gestational proteinuria (IGP) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IGP in singleton pregnancies and the proportion of women with IGP who subsequently developed preeclampsia (IGP‐PE) among all PE cases. Material and methods: This was an observational study of 6819 women with singleton pregnancies at 12 centers, including 938 women with at least once determination of protein‐to‐creatinine ratio (P/Cr). Significant proteinuria in pregnancy (SPIP) was defined as P/Cr (mg/mg) level >0.27. IGP was defined as SPIP in the absence of hypertension. Gestational hypertension (GH) preceding preeclampsia (GH‐PE) was defined as preeclampsia (PE) in which GH preceded SPIP. Simultaneous PE (S‐PE) was defined as PE in which both SPIP and hypertension occurred simultaneously. Results: IGP and PE were diagnosed in 130 (1.9%) and 158 (2.3%) of 6819 women, respectively. Of 130 women with IGP, 32 (25%) progressed to PE and accounted for 20% of all women with PE. Hence, women with IGP had a relative risk of 13.1 (95% CI; 9.2–18.5) for developing PE compared with those without IGP [25% (32/130) vs. 1.9% (126/6689)]. At diagnosis of SPIP, P/Cr levels already exceeded 1.0 more often in women with S‐PE than in those with IGP‐PE [67% (33/49) vs. 44% (14/32), respectively, p = 0.031]. Conclusions: IGP is a risk factor for PE, and IGP‐PE accounts for a considerable proportion (20%) of all PE.
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The incidence of preeclampsia varies among different countries and regions, making the disease burden of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy difficult to estimate and prevention difficult among pregnant women globally.
“The incidence of preeclampsia also varies among different countries and regions, and thus the disease burden of HDP is difficult to estimate and HDP prevention is difficult among pregnant women globally [7–11].”
From Epidemiological trends of maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at the global, regional, and national levels: a population‐based study (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Yamada, T., Obata‐Yasuoka, M., Hamada, H., Baba, Y., Ohkuchi, A., Yasuda, S., Kawabata, K., Minakawa, S., Hirai, C., Kusaka, H., Murabayashi, N., Inde, Y., Nagura, M., Umazume, T., Itakura, A., Maeda, M., Sagawa, N., Ohno, Y., Kataoka, S., Fujimori, K., Kudo, Y., Ikeda, T., Nakai, A., & Minakami, H.
- Affiliations
- Hokkaido University Hospital (JP)
- University of Tsukuba Hospital (JP)
- Jichi Medical University Hospital (JP)
- Fukushima Medical University Hospital (JP)
- Hakodate Central General Hospital (JP)
- Hiroshima University Hospital (JP)
- Juntendo University Hospital (JP)
- Mie Chuo Medical Center (JP)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mie University Hospital Tsu Japan
- Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital (JP)
- Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital (JP)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ohno Ladies Clinic Iwakura Japan
- Mie University Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Yamada, Takahiro
- ORCID
- Yamada, Takahiro
- Obata‐Yasuoka, Mana
- Hamada, Hiromi
- Baba, Yosuke
- Ohkuchi, Akihide
- Yasuda, Shun
- Kawabata, Kosuke
- Minakawa, Shiori
- Hirai, Chihiro
- Kusaka, Hideto
- Murabayashi, Nao
- Inde, Yusuke
- Nagura, Michikazu
- Umazume, Takeshi
- Itakura, Atsuo
- Maeda, Makoto
- Sagawa, Norimasa
- Ohno, Yasumasa
- Kataoka, Soromon
- Fujimori, Keiya
- Kudo, Yoshiki
- Ikeda, Tomoaki
- Nakai, Akihito
- Minakami, Hisanori
- Venue
- Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-05-23
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1048-1054
- ISSN
- 0001-6349 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0412
- OpenAlex
- W2342948116
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 5.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (Hokkaido University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan (25462546, 26462468)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Neurological Complications and Syndromes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Keywords
- preeclampsia, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia risk factors, singleton pregnancy, hypertension in pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Creatinine, Female, Humans, Japan, Maternal Age, Middle Aged, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Proteinuria, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Young Adult
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