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Cited by 32Organ Transplantation Techniques and OutcomesOrgan and Tissue Transplantation ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Trajectories of anxiety and depression in liver transplant candidates during the waiting‐list period

Open access
Annema, Coby, Roodbol, Petrie F., Van den Heuvel, Edwin R., Metselaar, Herold J., Van Hoek, Bart, Porte, Robert J., Ranchor, Adelita V.·2017·British Journal of Health Psychology
DOI 10.1111/bjhp.12241
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Abstract

Objectives: To explore whether distinct trajectories of anxiety and depression exist among liver transplant candidates, and to gain insight into demographic, clinical, and individual characteristics related with these trajectories. Design: A multicentre, prospective cohort study among 216 liver transplant candidates. Respondents filled out a questionnaire at study entrance and subsequently every 6 months until transplantation or removal from the waiting list. Methods: Anxiety ( STAI 6), depression ( CES ‐D), demographic, and individual variables were assessed by questionnaire. Clinical variables were retrieved by medical record review. The SAS PROC TRAJ procedure was used to identify distinct trajectories. Univariate and multiple ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to explore related variables. Results: Regarding anxiety, three stable trajectories were identified as follows: below clinical level (51%), slightly above clinical level (34%), and high above clinical level (15%). Regarding depression, four stable trajectories were identified as follows: below clinical level (23%), slightly below clinical level (34%), slightly above clinical level (28%), and high above clinical level (6%). For anxiety as well as for depression, experiencing more liver disease symptoms, a lower level of personal control, making more use of emotional coping, and making less use of task‐oriented coping increased the likelihood of membership in those trajectories with higher symptom levels. Conclusion: Distinct, but stable, trajectories of anxiety and depression were present in liver transplant candidates. The trajectories with symptom levels above clinical relevant levels for anxiety or depression comprised, respectively, 49% and 34% of the respondents. Therefore, psychological screening and subsequently providing appropriate interventions are warranted early in the transplant process. Statement of contribution: What is already known on this subject For transplant candidates, the waiting‐list period is a period of uncertainty and unpredictability. Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression, are common among liver transplant candidates. Several demographic, clinical, and individual characteristics are associated with anxiety and depression, but these results remain inconclusive. What does this study add Distinct trajectories of symptoms of anxiety and depression are present among liver transplant candidates. Given the stability of the trajectories over time, the symptom level at baseline is indicative of the symptom level during the waiting‐list period. Experiencing more liver disease symptoms, low mastery, more use of emotional coping, and less use of task‐oriented coping are associated with trajectories of high symptom levels.

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  • In a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with alcohol-associated liver disease waitlisted for transplant, the prevalence of self-report anxiety symptoms was 43.1%.

    “In a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with ALD waitlisted for transplant, [6] the prevalence of self-report DEP and ANX symptoms was reported as 37.3% and 43.1%, respectively.”

    From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [6]

  • In a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with alcohol-associated liver disease waitlisted for transplant, the prevalence of self-report depression symptoms was 37.3%.

    “In a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with ALD waitlisted for transplant, [6] the prevalence of self-report DEP and ANX symptoms was reported as 37.3% and 43.1%, respectively.”

    From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Annema, C., Roodbol, P. F., Van den Heuvel, E. R., Metselaar, H. J., Van Hoek, B., Porte, R. J., & Ranchor, A. V.
Affiliations
  • University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
  • Department of Nursing Research University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen the Netherlands
  • Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology the Netherlands
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical Center the Netherlands
Corresponding author
Annema, Coby
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of Health Psychology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2017-05-05
Volume
22
Issue
3
Pages
481-501
ISSN
  • 1359-107X (ISSN-L)
  • 2044-8287
DOI
10.1111/bjhp.12241
OpenAlex
W2610815871
Cited by
32
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3
FWCI
2.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • British Journal of Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
  • TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Organ and Tissue Transplantation Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
liver transplant candidates, anxiety, depression, symptom trajectories, psychological screening, coping strategies, emotional coping, task-oriented coping, personal control, transplant waiting list
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Waiting Lists, Liver Transplantation

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