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Exercise, brain plasticity, and depression
Open accessAbstract
Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high fatality, causing great burden to the society, families, and individuals. The changes in brain plasticity may be a main reason for depression. Recent studies have shown that exercise plays a positive role in depression, but systematic and comprehensive studies are lacking on brain plasticity changes in depression. To further understand the antidepressive effect of exercise and the changes in brain plasticity, we retrieved related literatures using key words “depression,” “depressive disorder,” “exercise,” “brain plasticity,” “brain structure,” and “brain function” from the database of Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO host, and CNKI, hoping to provide evidence for exercise in preventing and treating depression. Increase in exercise has been found negatively correlated with the risk of depression. Randomized controlled experiments have shown that aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and mind‐body exercise can improve depressive symptoms and levels. The intensity and long‐term effect of exercise are now topical research issues. Exercise has been proven to reshape the brain structure of depression patients, activate the function of related brain areas, promote behavioral adaptation changes, and maintain the integrity of hippocampal and white matter volume, thus improving the brain neuroprocessing and delaying cognitive degradation in depression patients. Future studies are urgently needed to establish accurate exercise prescriptions for improving depressive symptoms, and studies on different depressive populations and studies using multimodal brain imaging combined with multiple analytical methods are also needed.
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“Yoga, an exercise with cost-effective and manageable characteristics, has also been suggested as a positive way to improve the overall well-being of MDD patients [18, 19].”
From The effectiveness of mindfulness yoga on patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
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Wolfram, S., & Bauer, R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-69586-9_3
Effect of a physiotherapy protocol in treatment of depression in women: A longitudinal study
ElAnsary, M. M. G., Sabbahi, S. A. E., Fahmy, E. M., Ali, R. R., & Abdallah, S. (2024) · doi:10.56984/8zg020c5r1z
Hu, M., Tian, Q.-S., & Kim, T.-H. (2025) · Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development · doi:10.24294/jipd10935
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Queiroga, L. D. L., Kaufmann, O. G., Ritti‐Dias, R. M., Minanni, C. A., Pitta, R. M., & Wolosker, N. (2025) · Einstein (São Paulo) · doi:10.31744/einstein_journal/2025ao1128
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Giordano, I., Kreibich, L. B., & de Souza, D. M. (2025) · Revista Família Ciclos de Vida e Saúde no Contexto Social · doi:10.18554/refacs.v13i00.8196
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhao, J., Jiang, W., Wang, X., Cai, Z., Liu, Z., & Liu, G.
- Affiliations
- School of Physical Education and Health Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance Shanghai China
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Training Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai China
- Shanghai University of Sport (CN)
- Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Guo‐Rong
- Venue
- CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-06-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 885-895
- ISSN
- 1755-5930 (ISSN-L)
- 1755-5949
- PMC
- PMC7415205
- OpenAlex
- W3030952704
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- depression, physical activity, neuroplasticity, aerobic exercise, resistance training, mind-body exercise, hippocampal volume, white matter integrity, brain structure, brain function, exercise prescription, cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Brain, Depression, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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