Copper hypersensitivity

Fage, Simon W.; Faurschou, Annesofie; Thyssen, Jacob P.

doi:10.1111/cod.12273

Cited by 63Contact Dermatitis and AllergiesDrug-Induced Adverse ReactionsHeavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity

Copper hypersensitivity

Fage, Simon W., Faurschou, Annesofie, Thyssen, Jacob P.·2014·Contact Dermatitis

DOI 10.1111/cod.12273

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The world production of copper is steadily increasing. Although humans are widely exposed to copper-containing items on the skin and mucosa, allergic reactions to copper are only infrequently reported. To review the chemistry, biology and accessible data to clarify the implications of copper hypersensitivity, a database search of PubMed was performed with the following terms: copper, dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, contact hypersensitivity, contact sensitization, contact allergy, patch test, dental, IUD, epidemiology, clinical, and experimental. Human exposure to copper is relatively common. As a metal, it possesses many of the same qualities as nickel, which is a known strong sensitizer. Cumulative data on subjects with presumed related symptoms and/or suspected exposure showed that a weighted average of 3.8% had a positive patch test reaction to copper. We conclude that copper is a very weak sensitizer as compared with other metal compounds. However, in a few and selected cases, copper can result in clinically relevant allergic reactions.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/cod.12273

Cites

86 of 86 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

In comparison with other metal compounds, copper has a low allergenic potential, and the risk of adverse side effects due to skin contact with the metal is small.
“In comparison with other metal compounds, copper has a low allergenic potential, and the risk of adverse side effects due to skin contact with the metal is small [132,133].”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

Nature's building blocks : an A-Z guide to the elements
Emsley, J. (2001) · Cited by 937 · see citing works
Crucial role for human Toll-like receptor 4 in the development of contact allergy to nickel
Schmidt, M., Raghavan, B., Müller, V. A., Vogl, T., Fejér, G., Tchaptchet, S., Keck, S., Kalis, C., Nielsen, P. J., Galanos, C., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1919 · Cited by 596 · see citing works
Copper Surfaces Reduce the Rate of Healthcare-Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Unit
Salgado, C. D., Sepkowitz, K. A., John, J. F., Cantey, J. R., Attaway, H. H., Freeman, K. D., Sharpe, P. A., Michels, H. T., & Schmidt, M. G. (2013) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1086/670207 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Inactivation of Influenza A Virus on Copper versus Stainless Steel Surfaces
Noyce, J. O., Michels, H. T., & Keevil, C. W. (2007) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01139-06 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Mechanisms of chemical-induced innate immunity in allergic contact dermatitis
Martin, S. F., Esser, P. R., Weber, F. C., Jakob, T., Freudenberg, M. A., Schmidt, M., & Goebeler, M. (2011) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02652.x · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Comparison of the local lymph node assay with the guinea-pig maximization test for the detection of a range of contact allergens
Basketter, D. A., & Scholes, E. W. (1992) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0278-6915(92)90138-b · Cited by 282 · see citing works
The antimicrobial activity of copper and copper alloys against nosocomial pathogens and Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from healthcare facilities in the Western Cape: an in-vitro study
Mehtar, S., Wiid, I. J. F., & Todorov, S. D. (2007) · Journal of Hospital Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2007.10.009 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
The local lymph node assay: A viable alternative to currently accepted skin sensitization tests
Basketter, D. A., Gerberick, G. F., Kimber, I., et al. (1996) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(96)00059-2 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Effects of temperature and humidity on the efficacy of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureuschallenged antimicrobial materials containing silver and copper
Michels, H. T., Noyce, J. O., & Keevil, C. W. (2009) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02637.x · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Characterization of processing requirements and metal cross‐reactivities in T cell clones from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel
Moulon, C., Vollmer, J., & Weltzien, H. (1995) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.1830251216 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Oral lesions and symptoms related to metals used in dental restorations: A clinical, allergological, and histologic study
Koch, P., & Bahmer, F. A. (1999) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70116-7 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
The Molecular Basis of Metal Recognition by T Cells
Sinigaglia, F. (1994) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12372149 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Selective interaction of Ni with an MHC‐bound peptide.
Romagnoli, P., Labhardt, A. M., & Sinigaglia, F. (1991) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07648.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
T cell receptor (TCR) interaction with haptens: metal ions as non-classical haptens
Thierse, H., Gamerdinger, K., Junkes, C., et al. (2005) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.015 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
ICCVAM Evaluation of the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay
Sailstad, D. M., Hattan, D. G., Hill, R. N., et al. (2001) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1006/rtph.2001.1496 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Ion release from orthodontic appliances
Staffolani, N., Damiani, F., Lilli, C., et al. (1999) · Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1016/s0300-5712(98)00073-6 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
A metallurgical approach to metal contact dermatitis
Flint, G. N. (1998) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05912.x · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Transition metal sensing by Toll‐like receptor‐4: next to nickel, cobalt and palladium are potent human dendritic cell stimulators
Rachmawati, D., Bontkes, H. J., Verstege, M. I., Muris, J., Blomberg, B. M. E. V., Scheper, R. J., & van Hoogstraten, I. M. W. (2013) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/cod.12042 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to acrylates during work with dental prostheses
Kanerva, L., Estiander, T., Jolanki, R., et al. (1993) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03430.x · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis and adverse oral mucous membrane reactions related to the use of dental prostheses
Vilaplana, J., Romaguera, C., & Cornellana, F. (1994) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00568.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Irritation and sensitization potential of pesticides *
Lisi, P., Caraffini, S., & Assalve, D. (1987) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb02715.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Rôle of ear piercing in metal allergic contact dermatitis
Nakada, T., Iuima, M., Nakayama, H., et al. (1997) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00207.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Electrochemical corrosion in saline and serum
Brown, S. A., & Merritt, K. (1980) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/jbm.820140208 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Gold-specific T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with gold.
Romagnoli, P., Spinas, G. A., & Sinigaglia, F. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115569 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Components of the Ligand for a Ni++ Reactive Human T Cell Clone
Lu, L. K., Vollmer, J., Moulon, C., Weltzien, H. U., Marrack, P., & Kappler, J. W. (2003) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20021762 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
ICCVAM Evaluation of the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay
Haneke, K., Tice, R. R., Carson, B. L., et al. (2001) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1006/rtph.2001.1498 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Allergy to copper derived from dental alloys as a possible cause of oral lesions
Frykholm, K. O., Frithiof, L., Fernstrom, A. I. B., et al. (1969) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/0001555549268281 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Contact allergies to nickel sulfate, gold sodium thiosulfate and palladium chloride in patients claiming side‐effects from dental alloy components
Marcusson, J. A. (1996) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02215.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
A multicenter study of patch test reactions with dental screening series
Kanerva, L. (2001) · American Journal of Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1053/ajcd.2001.20913 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Copper Hypersensitivity: Dermatologie Aspects
Hostynek, J. J., & Maibach, H. I. (2003) · Reviews on Environmental Health · doi:10.1515/reveh.2003.18.3.153 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
ORAL LICHENOID LESIONS AND ALLERGY TO DENTAL MATERIALS
Ditrichová, D., Kapralova, S., Tichý, M., Ticha, V., Dobesova, J., Justová, E., Eber, M., & Pirek, P. (2007) · Biomedical Papers · doi:10.5507/bp.2007.057 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Cross-Reactivity of Human Nickel-Reactive T-Lymphocyte Clones with Copper and Palladium
Pistoor, F. H. M., Kapsenberg, M. L., Bos, J. D., et al. (1995) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12313366 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Contact allergy to denture materials in the burning mouth syndrome
van Joost, T., van Ulsen, J., & van Loon, L. A. J. (1988) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02748.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis and contact sensitization among enamellers and decorators in the ceramics industry
Motolese, A., Truzzi, M., Giannini, A., et al. (1993) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03342.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Detection of contact sensitivity of metal salts using the murine local lymph node assay
Ikarashi, Y., Tsuchiya, T., & Nakamura, A. (1992) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90078-x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Coin exposure may cause allergic nickel dermatitis: a review
Thyssen, J. P., Gawkrodger, D. J., White, I. R., et al. (2012) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02127.x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
Copper – a rare sensitizer
Karlberg, A., Boman, A., & Wahlberg, J. E. (1983) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04320.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
A cream containing the chelator DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta‐acetic acid) can prevent contact allergic reactions to metals
Wöhrl, S., Kriechbaumer, N., Hemmer, W., et al. (2001) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.044004224.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Hypersensitivity reactions to dental materials in a referred group of patients
Stenman, E., & Bergman, M. (1989) · European Journal Of Oral Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1989.tb01433.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis from nickel: an investigation of its sources
Romaguera, C., Grimalt, F., & Vilaplana, J. (1988) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02868.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Metal release from gold‐containing jewellery materials: no gold release detected
Lidén, C., Nordenadler, M., & Share, L. (1998) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05942.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis in Korean dental technicians
Lee, J. Y., Yoo, J. M., Cho, B. K., et al. (2001) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045001013.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Contamination by nickel, copper and zinc during the handling of euro coins
Fournier, P., & Govers, T. R. (2003) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00028.x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Allergic sensitivity to several base metals: A clinical report
Bezzon, O. L. (1993) · Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry · doi:10.1016/0022-3913(93)90098-9 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Eczematous Dermatitis Caused by Internal Exposure to Copper
Barranco, V. P. (1972) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.1972.01620120070019 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Copper allergy revisited
Woehrl, S., Hemmer, W., Focke, M., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1067/mjd.2001.117729 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis from a copper‐containing intrauterine contraceptive device
Romaguera, C., & Grimalt, F. (1981) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1981.tb04603.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Metal patch test results from 1990–2009
Nonaka, H., NAKADA, T., Iijima, M., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00980.x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
CHOLINERGIC URTICARIA: ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR-DEPENDENT IMMEDIATE-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TO COPPER
Shelley, W., Shelley, E. D., & Ho, A. K. S. (1983) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91386-7 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Multiple sensitivities to transition metals: the nickel palladium reactions
Santucci, B., Cannistraci, C., Cristaudo, A., et al. (1996) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02389.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Systemic contact dermatitis to copper‐containing IUD
D’Ambrosio, F. P., Ricciardi, L., Isola, S., et al. (1996) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04688.x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The cost of nickel allergy: a global investigation of coin composition and nickel and cobalt release
Hamann, C. R., Hamann, C. R., Hamann, D. J., et al. (2012) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/cod.12008 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
URTICARIA SECONDARY TO A COPPER INTRAUTERINE DEVICE
BARKOFF, J. R. (1976) · International Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1976.tb04896.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Copper
Saltzer, E. I. (1968) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.1968.01610160049009 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Hand Dermatitis in Dental Personnel
Uveges, R. E., Grimwood, R. E., Slawsky, L. D., et al. (1995) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/160.7.335 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Co‐sensitivity between cobalt and other transition metals
Lisi, P., Brunelli, L., & Stingeni, L. (2003) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00015.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Occupational contact dermatitis among New Zealand farmers
Rademaker, M. (1998) · Australasian Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.1998.tb01273.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Perimenstrual dermatitis secondary to a copper‐containing intrauterine contraceptive device
Pujol, R. M., Randazzo, L., Miralles, J., et al. (1998) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05751.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Antigen contacts by Ni-reactive TCR: typical αβ chain cooperation versus α chain-dominated specificity
Vollmer, J., Weltzien, H. U., Gamerdinger, K., Lang, S., Choleva, Y., & Moulon, C. (2000) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/12.12.1723 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Sensitizing potential of beryllium, copper and molybdenum compounds studied by the guinea pig maximization method
Boman, A., Wahlberg, J. E., & Hagelthorn, G. (1979) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1979.tb04891.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cross-Sensitivity between Nickel and Copper
Epstein, S. (1955) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.1955.129 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Contact urticaria and dermatitis from self‐adhesive pads
Sterry, W., & Schmoll, M. (1985) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb02575.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
New developments in jewellery and dental materials
Vilaplana, J., & Romaguera, C. (1998) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05832.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
In vitro lymphocyte proliferation test in the diagnosis of oral mucosal hypersensitivity reactions to dental amalgam
Laine, J., Happonen, R., Vainio, O., et al. (1997) · Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1997.tb00231.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis to a copper‐containing intra‐uterine device
Rongioletti, F., Rivara, G., & Rebora, A. (1985) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb02601.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hypersensitivity to copper verified by test with 0.1 % CuSO4
Förström, L., Kiistala, R., & Tarvainen, K. (1977) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03681.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Cutaneous eruptions and intrauterine contraceptive copper device
FRENTZ, G., & Teilum, D. (1980) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555606971 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Oral lichen planus and sensitization to copper sulfate
Vergara, G., Silvestre, J. F., Botella, R., et al. (2004) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.0350a.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Further epidemiologic study of occupational contact dermatitis in the dental clinic
Kawahara, D., Oshima, H. M. S., Kosugi, H., et al. (1993) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03357.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Dissolving of copper by synthetic sweat
Boman, A., Karlberg, A., Einarsson, Ö., et al. (1983) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04337.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Evaluation of a Method for Detecting Metal Release from Gold; Cysteine Enhances Release
Svedman, C., Gruvberger, B., Dahlin, J., et al. (2013) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-1541 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Epidemiologic study on occupational allergy in the dental clinic
Oshima, H., Kawahara, D., Kosugi, H., et al. (1991) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01671.x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Free radicals as potential mediators of metal-allergy: Ni2+- and Co2+-mediated free radical generation
van den Broeke, L. T., Gräslund, A., Nilsson, J., et al. (1998) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(97)10024-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Porphyria induced by palladium-copper dental prostheses: A clinical report
Downey, D. (1992) · Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry · doi:10.1016/0022-3913(92)90037-b · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Copper allergy and copper IUD
Jouppila, P. (1979) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/0010-7824(79)90009-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Investigation into patch testing with copper sulphate
Walton, S. (1983) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04646.x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Intrauterine copper contraceptive devices and allergy to copper and nickel.
Dry, J., Leynadier, F., Bennani, A., et al. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The meaning of positive patch tests to copper sulphate in nickel allergy
van Joost, T., Habets, J. M. W., Stolz, E., et al. (1988) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02750.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Bingo‐hall worker's occupational copper contact dermatitis from coins
Paredes‐Suárez, C., Fernández‐Redondo, V., & Toribio, J. (2002) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.470308_17.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Allergenicity and cross‐reactivity of naphthenic acid and its metallic salts in experimental animals
Yamano, T., Shimizu, M., & Noda, T. (2006) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00728.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Interaction of metals in nickel‐sensitive patients
Santucci, B., Cannistraci, C., Cristaudo, A., et al. (1993) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03559.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sensitizing Potential of Chromated Copper Arsenate in Local Lymph Node Assays Differs with the Solvent Used
Fukuyama, T., UEDA, H. M. D., Hayashi, K., et al. (2008) · Journal of Immunotoxicology · doi:10.1080/15476910802085715 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Patch testing with copper sulphate
Walton, S. (1983) · Contact Dermatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04422.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Contact dermatitis caused by copper sulfate used as coloring material in commercial alcohol.
Gg, D., Rao, D. S., & Mp, M. (1977) · PubMed · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Allergic reaction to copper cement.
Reid, D. J. (1968) · PubMed · Cited by 5 · see citing works
[Copper allergy--a rare form of sensitization].
Laubstein, B. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review
Michalak, M., Pierzak, M., Kręcisz, B., & Suliga, E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010203 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Using Copper to Improve the Well-Being of the Skin
Borkow, G. (2015) · Current Chemical Biology · doi:10.2174/2212796809666150227223857 · Cited by 149 · see citing works

Authors: Fage, S. W., Faurschou, A., & Thyssen, J. P.
Affiliations: Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
Corresponding author: Thyssen, Jacob P.
ORCID: Fage, Simon W.
Thyssen, Jacob P.
Venue: Contact Dermatitis
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-08-07
Volume: 71
Issue: 4
Pages: 191-201
ISSN: 0105-1873 (ISSN-L)
1600-0536
DOI: 10.1111/cod.12273
OpenAlex: W3187753158
Cited by: 63
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 2
FWCI: 0.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Contact Dermatitis (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords: allergic contact dermatitis, contact hypersensitivity, skin sensitization, patch testing, metal allergy, copper exposure, dental alloys, intrauterine devices
MeSH terms: Animals, Copper, Cross Reactions, Drug Hypersensitivity, Humans, Ions, Nickel, Patch Tests, Prevalence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Copper hypersensitivity

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks