Neurodevelopmental and mental health comorbidities in children and adolescents with epilepsy and migraine: a response to identified research gaps
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Aim: To determine the distribution and risk characteristics of comorbid neurodevelopmental and mental health comorbidities among children and adolescents (6–18y) with epilepsy or migraine (i.e. a neurological condition with shared features and potential etiology) compared with lower extremity fracture (LEF). Method: This case–control study involved a subset analysis of surveillance data in South Carolina, USA. Hospital admission, outpatient, and emergency department visits for individuals with an International Classification of Disease, 9th revision Clinical Modification diagnosis of epilepsy (n=6730; 54.5% females, 45.5% males; mean age [SD] 14y 2mo [4y 5mo]); migraine (n=10 495; 74.5% females, 25.5% males; 15y 6mo [2y 6mo]), or LEF (n=15 305; 40.3% females, 59.7% males; 13y 11mo [2y 11mo]) from January 1 2000 to December 31 2011 were identified. The association of epilepsy, migraine, or LEF with any mental health comorbidity was evaluated with univariate and multivariate polytomous logistic regression. Results: Comorbidities were highly prevalent in children and adolescents, with epilepsy with a rate of 29.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.6–30.8) for mental health comorbidities and 30.8% (95% CI: 29.7–31.9) for neurodevelopmental comorbidities. The odds of mental health comorbidity was 2.20 (95% CI: 2.02–2.39) for children and adolescents with epilepsy and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.48–1.73) for migraine, in reference to children and adolescents with LEF after adjusting for potential confounders. Prevalence and risk for specific comorbidities are presented. Interpretation: Neuropathophysiological and psychosocial factors specific to epilepsy may provide more risk for adolescents with epilepsy compared to migraine.
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People with epilepsy are at increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities compared to the general population and non-neurological medical conditions, as well as to people with other neurological diseases.
“People with epilepsy (PWE) are at increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities compared to the general population and nonneurological medical conditions, 3,4 as well as to people with other neurological diseases, 5”
From Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of psychological treatments for people with epilepsy on health-related quality of life (2018) · cites this paper as [5]
The Results report higher odds of any mental health comorbidity in the epilepsy group than in the migraine group, and the Discussion reports higher adjusted odds among adolescents with epilepsy than among adolescents with migraine. Citation 5 thus supports a comparison with migraine, but this pediatric study does not establish the broader claim for all people with epilepsy or for other neurological diseases generally. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Wagner, J. L., Wilson, D. A., Smith, G., Malek, A., & Selassie, A. W.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wagner, Janelle L
- Venue
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-08-02
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-52
- ISSN
- 0012-1622 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8749
- OpenAlex
- W2011006117
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DP003251)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Keywords
- epilepsy, migraine, neurodevelopmental comorbidities, psychiatric comorbidity, children and adolescents, lower limb fractures, comorbidity prevalence, risk factors, psychosocial factors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Epilepsy, Female, Humans, Leg Injuries, Male, Migraine Disorders, South Carolina, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Fractures, Bone
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