Stairs instead of elevators at the workplace decreases PCSK 9 levels in a healthy population
Open accessAbstract
Backgound: Regular physical activity is recommended to lower low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) in a healthy population. Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK 9) was shown to reduce (LDL‐C) levels; however, the impact of physical exercise on PCSK 9 levels remains unclear. Materials and methods: We used data from 67 healthy hospital employees who participated in a 6‐month intervention promoting active use of stairs instead of elevators during 3 months, followed by 3 months without recommendation. We confirmed the degree of physical activity with estimated aerobic capacity (VO2 max) and measured serum PCSK 9 levels at baseline, 3 and 6 month. Using a multilevel regression model, we analysed changes of PCSK 9 levels over time adjusting for age, gender, aerobic capacity, baseline LDL‐C, and LDL‐C and body mass index (BMI) changes. Results: At baseline, PCSK 9 levels were associated with higher aerobic capacity (P‐value = 0·024). At 3 months, we observed a significant decrease in mean PCSK 9 levels from 403·6 to 324·3 ng/mL (P‐value = 0·001), as well a significant decrease in mean LDL‐C levels from 3·5 to 3·3 mM (P‐value = 0·01). During this period, mean aerobic capacity (VO2 max) increased from 37·0 to 40·4 mL/kg/min (P‐value < 0·001). Physical activity was independently associated with a decrease in PCSK 9 levels after adjustment for age, gender, baseline aerobic capacity, and LDL‐C and BMI changes. Conclusion: Daily physical activity at the work place is independently associated with a decrease in PCSK 9 levels over time.
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European and USA treatment targets suggest LDL should be maintained around or below 115 mg/dL or 3.0 mmol/L and in those with raised LDL a 50% reduction should be achieved, where possible, with lipid-lowering medication.
“European [41] and USA [3] treatment targets suggest LDL should be maintained around or below 115 mg/dL or 3.0 mmol/L [13] and in those with raised LDL a 50% reduction should be achieved, where possible, with lipid-lowering medication.”
From The Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [41]
Daily exercise is independently associated with a decrease in PCSK9 levels over time; after 3 months exercise, mean PCSK9 and LDL-C levels decreased in volunteers.
“Kamani et al. [72] found a significant decrease in mean PCSK9 levels and mean LDL-C levels in volunteers after 3 months exercise, and concluded that daily exercise is independently associated with a decrease in PCSK9 levels over time.”
From Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins (2017) · cites this paper as [72]
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- Authors
- Kamani, C. H., Gencer, B., Montecucco, F., Courvoisier, D., Vuilleumier, N., Meyer, P., & Mach, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medical Specialties Geneva University Hospital University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Mach, François
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-08-26
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1017-1024
- ISSN
- 0014-2972 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2362
- OpenAlex
- W1480406719
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 5.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF 33CM30-124112, SPUM33C30-140336, 310030_152639/1, 310030_152912/1)
- Geneva University Hospitals (CGR 71-225)
- Swiss Heart Foundation
- de Reuter Foundation (555)
- European Commission (FP7-INNOVATION I HEALTH-F2-2013-602114)
- University of Genoa (Italy)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- PCSK9, LDL cholesterol, stair climbing, physical activity, workplace interventions, cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, healthy adults, cardiovascular risk factors, serum biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Proprotein Convertase 9, Adult, Elevators and Escalators, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Serine Endopeptidases, Biomarkers, Exercise, Workplace, Proprotein Convertases, Healthy Volunteers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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