The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Drought's legacy: multiyear hydraulic deterioration underlies widespread aspen forest die‐off and portends increased future risk
Abstract
Forest mortality constitutes a major uncertainty in projections of climate impacts on terrestrial ecosystems and carbon‐cycle feedbacks. Recent drought‐induced, widespread forest die‐offs highlight that climate change could accelerate forest mortality with its diverse and potentially severe consequences for the global carbon cycle, ecosystem services, and biodiversity. How trees die during drought over multiple years remains largely unknown and precludes mechanistic modeling and prediction of forest die‐off with climate change. Here, we examine the physiological basis of a recent multiyear widespread die‐off of trembling aspen ( P opulus tremuloides ) across much of western N orth A merica. Using observations from both native trees while they are dying and a rainfall exclusion experiment on mature trees, we measure hydraulic performance over multiple seasons and years and assess pathways of accumulated hydraulic damage. We test whether accumulated hydraulic damage can predict the probability of tree survival over 2 years. We find that hydraulic damage persisted and increased in dying trees over multiple years and exhibited few signs of repair. This accumulated hydraulic deterioration is largely mediated by increased vulnerability to cavitation, a process known as cavitation fatigue. Furthermore, this hydraulic damage predicts the probability of interyear stem mortality. Contrary to the expectation that surviving trees have weathered severe drought, the hydraulic deterioration demonstrated here reveals that surviving regions of these forests are actually more vulnerable to future droughts due to accumulated xylem damage. As the most widespread tree species in N orth A merica, increasing vulnerability to drought in these forests has important ramifications for ecosystem stability, biodiversity, and ecosystem carbon balance. Our results provide a foundation for incorporating accumulated drought impacts into climate–vegetation models. Finally, our findings highlight the critical role of drought stress accumulation and repair of stress‐induced damage for avoiding plant mortality, presenting a dynamic and contingent framework for drought impacts on forest ecosystems.
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Cites
A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests
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Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest
Phillips, O. L., Aragão, L. E. O. C., Lewis, S. L., Fisher, J. B., Lloyd, J., López-González, G., Malhi, Y., Monteagudo, A., Peacock, J., Quesada, C. A., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1164033 · Cited by 1,847
Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States
van Mantgem, P. J., Stephenson, N. L., Byrne, J. C., Daniels, L. D., Franklin, J. F., Fulé, P. Z., Harmon, M. E., Larson, A. J., Smith, J. M., Taylor, A. H., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1165000 · Cited by 1,799 · cited 4×
“Increased tree mortal- ity rates have recently been observed, particularly in association with drought and temperature stress, in tropical, temperate, and boreal forests in recent decades (Phillips et al., 2009, 2010; Van Mantgem et al., 2009; Peng et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialConsequences of widespread tree mortality triggered by drought and temperature stress
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Cited by
Clark, J. S., Iverson, L., Woodall, C. W., Allen, C. D., Bell, D. M., Bragg, D. C., D'Amato, A. W., Davis, F. W., Hersh, M. H., Ibanez, I., et al. (2016) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13160 · Cited by 606
Plant xylem hydraulics: What we understand, current research, and future challenges
Venturas, M. D., Sperry, J. S., & Hacke, U. G. (2017) · Journal of Integrative Plant Biology · doi:10.1111/jipb.12534 · Cited by 487
Self-citationDifferentiating drought legacy effects on vegetation growth over the temperate Northern Hemisphere
Wu, X., Liu, H., Li, X., Ciais, P., Babst, F., Guo, W., Zhang, C., Magliulo, V., Pavelka, M., Liu, S., et al. (2018) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13920 · Cited by 409
Impacts of extreme precipitation and seasonal changes in precipitation on plants
Zeppel, M. J. B., Wilks, J. V., & Lewis, J. D. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-3083-2014 · Cited by 386
Tree carbon allocation explains forest drought‐kill and recovery patterns
Trugman, A. T., Detto, M., Bartlett, M. K., Medvigy, D., Anderegg, W. R. L., Schwalm, C., Schaffer, B., & Pacala, S. W. (2018) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13136 · Cited by 341
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Metadata
- Authors
- Anderegg, W. R. L., Plavcová, L., Anderegg, L. D. L., Hacke, U. G., Berry, J. A., & Field, C. B.
- Venue
- Global Change Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-01-10
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1188-1196
- ISSN
- 1354-1013 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2486
- OpenAlex
- W2131174702
- Cited by
- 386
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 16.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Anderegg, W. R. L., Plavcová, L., Anderegg, L. D. L., Hacke, U. G., Berry, J. A., & Field, C. B. (2013). Drought's legacy: multiyear hydraulic deterioration underlies widespread aspen forest die‐off and portends increased future risk. Global Change Biology. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12100
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