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Cited by 5Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecologyIsotope Analysis in EcologyEcology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

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A Global Synthesis on Land‐Cover Changes in Watersheds Shaping Freshwater Detrital Food Webs

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Oester, Rebecca, Keck, François, Moretti, Marcelo S., Altermatt, Florian, Bruder, Andreas, Ferreira, Verónica·2025·Global Change Biology
DOI 10.1111/gcb.70380PMC PMC12319666

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Abstract

Anthropogenic land‐cover changes are among the most pressing global threats to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, jeopardizing biodiversity and the critical connections between these systems. Resource flows and trophic interactions intricately link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, with terrestrial‐derived detritus playing a fundamental role in supporting aquatic food webs. These detrital inputs form essential cross‐ecosystem linkages, underpinning key ecological processes and providing vital resources for aquatic communities. Yet, little research has focused on how land‐cover changes cascade across this linkage. To better understand how land‐cover changes in the watershed influence freshwater detrital food webs, we conducted a meta‐analysis of field studies reporting the effects of vegetation changes on freshwater detrital consumers and organic matter decomposition. The results from 144 studies, reporting 1235 comparisons, showed that, overall, land‐cover changes in the watershed vegetation, especially through harvest and land‐use conversion, have negative effects on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem processes. These vegetation changes reduced diversity, abundance, and biomass across multiple trophic levels in freshwater detrital food webs. Studies examining multiple organism groups most often observed negative responses across multiple trophic levels, suggesting that these land‐cover changes negatively affected multiple detrital food‐web components simultaneously. Our results also show that outcomes of restoration of watershed vegetation were context‐dependent, and no clear trend of improvement was visible. Therefore, conservation of natural riparian and catchment vegetation is key to maintaining freshwater ecosystem processes and aquatic biodiversity worldwide, and more efficient and evidence‐based restoration measures are urgently needed. As our global synthesis shows that direct human‐induced alterations of vegetation in watersheds have significant negative effects on freshwater detrital food webs, there is a pressing need to consider cross‐ecosystem consequences of land‐cover changes in conservation and ecosystem management.

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Metadata

Authors
Oester, R., Keck, F., Moretti, M. S., Altermatt, F., Bruder, A., & Ferreira, V.
Affiliations
  • University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (CH)
  • University of Zurich (CH)
  • Universidade Vila Velha (BR)
  • University of Coimbra (PT)
Corresponding author
Oester, Rebecca
ORCID
Venue
Global Change Biology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2025-08
Volume
31
Issue
8
Pages
e70380-e70380
ISSN
  • 1354-1013 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2486
DOI
10.1111/gcb.70380
PMC
PMC12319666
OpenAlex
W4412886592
Cited by
5
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 1
FWCI
0.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Global Change Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DORA Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (#316372/2021‐8)
  • Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UIDB/04292/2020, UIDP/04292/2020, LA/P/0069/2020, CEECIND/02484/2018)
  • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo (2020‐TF309, 2022‐TFBJG)
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (310030_197410, IZBRZ3_186311)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Isotope Analysis in Ecology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Keywords
land cover change, watershed vegetation, organic matter decomposition, land use conversion, harvest effects, aquatic biodiversity, trophic levels, riparian vegetation, catchment restoration, ecosystem services
MeSH terms
Animals, Conservation of Natural Resources, Fresh Water, Ecosystem, Food Chain, Biodiversity

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